Annexes
“Improving the chemistry”
Identity and image research at the sBU X
Marijke Oosterhuis University of Groningen
Faculty of Management and Organization
Technology Management
Table of content annexes:
Annex 1 Organization Company A 2005 ... 3
Annex 2 Origin of Company A ... 4
Annex 3 Organization sBU 2005 ... 5
Annex 4 Description Product A ... 6
Annex 5 Description Product B ... 8
Annex 6 Questionnaire actual identity ... 9
Annex 7 Questionnaire desired identity... 14
Annex 8 Questionnaire image... 16
Annex 9 Codebook SPSS ... 21
Annex 10 Cronbach’s Alpha ... 24
Annex 11 Frequency tables... 27
Annex 12 Product stewardship... 32
Annex 13 Attributes ... 33
Annex 1 Organization Company A 2005 Company A
Group A Group B Group C
BU B BU F BU P BU S BU PP
sBU C
sBU X
sBU S
sBU E
Annex 2 Origin of Company A
Deleted
Annex 3 Organization sBU 2005
sBU Manager
Commercial Manager
Marketing Man Marketing Manager
Ass. Marketing Manager Ass. Marketing
Manager
Marketing Manager
Product Manager
Secretary Controller
Customer Service Desk
Sales Organisation
Logistics Manager Europe
TSMD
Team Leader R&D
Researcher
Senior Researcher Man. Comm.
Projects
Logistics Manager
Sweden
Annex 4 Description Product A
Large waste treatment plants intended for the purification of wastewater have been constructed. The wastewater plants utilize various techniques to purify the water:
• Product treatment, insofar as necessary for the neutralization and precipitation of wastewater components.
• Mechanical treatment for the elimination of undissolved substances, including screening, clarification, and filtration.
• Biological treatment for the removal of dissolved substances, in the course of which colloidal dispersed materials are also destabilized and flocculated; substances can also be eliminated by adsorption onto the biomass.
sBU X sells products for the technique of product treatment to purify the water.
Coagulation, flocculation and precipitation are applied to remove the soluble pollutions from the water by making the particles insoluble and concentrate them in the next step.
Coagulation is the destabilization of colloidal particles brought about by the addition of a product product, as for example X. The particles, with a radius between xx µ m and xx µ m, can not be separated immediately without the help of products. The destabilization occurs after the electrostatic rejection declines and subsequently the particles coagulate together to particles with a center of circa xx µm (www.watertechnowijzer.nl). By mixing intensively, the particles will stick, in a short time, to each other, see figure X. If the particles have reached the size of 1 µ m, they can only grow by stirring slowly. The addition of another reagent, called flocculant, may promote the formation of the floc.
Flocculation is the agglomeration of destabilized particles into microfloc and after into bulky floccules which can be settled called floc (www.lenntech.com). This process is explained in figure 4.1.
Figure 4.1: from particles to flocs
After the coagulation and flocculation the particles will precipitate. The precipitate can then be removed from the treated water by physical methods such as clarification or filtration (www.frtr.gov).
sBU X produces products for coagulation and flocculation, as Product E and Product F.
The most important Product A, looking at the quantity sold, are Product E and F. The difference between the two products is only one c molecule. The product formula of Product E is X and of Product F is X. Company A is producing in Ibbenbüren Product E and Product F.
About xx% of the total volume sold of Product A is Product E and about xx % is Product F. Product E originates from iron and c. The iron is coming from scrap. Producing both products happens by dissolving iron in a solution already containing Product F, coming fro recycling the process stream.
This process is followed by chlorination. The first step of the reaction is put the iron together with an existing Product E solution:
X + X X
Product F will be formed and the solution with Product F will be diluted with water until the right
concentration. It will be stored, after filtration, in the storage tank. To obtain Product E, the Product F is
than chlorinated with C in the chlorination reactor. The following reaction occurs:
After that, the solution is diluted with water till the right concentration is obtained. The process as described above will deliver a Product E of a standard quality.
In Ibbenbüren, Company A is producing Product E with a pure quality as well. In a separate plant Magnetite is dissolved in X according to the following reaction:
X +X X + X + X
After filtration the solution is stored in a tank. From this tank the solution is brought into the chlorinating reactor.
X + X X
After diluting the solution with the right concentration, the solution is filtered and can be stored into the pure-solution storage tank.
These are the only two products, Product E and Product F, produced by Company A themselves. The other products are purchased from competitors in the Product A market, in this way sBU X can offer the whole range of Product A products to the clients.
The active species in the flocculation are the macromolecular hydroxides, as for example X. Product E forms X when it is dissolved in water, which consequently forms into macromolecular hydroxides linked together via oxygen bridges.
Dissolved
X X + X X X + X X + X X
In table 4.1 are all the products which sBU X sell to clients stated.
Product name Product formula % sol or solid
1 Xx%
2 Xx%
3 Xx%
4 Xx%
5 Solid
6 Solution
7 Solution
8 Solution
9 Solution
10 Solution
11 Solution
12 Solution
13 Solution
14 Solution
Table 4.1: whole range of products A (internal presentation)
Annex 5 Description Product B
Product B is an effective cleaning agent and disinfectant. It is widely used for surface cleaning, bleaching, combating smells and disinfecting swimming water.
The raw material for Product B is salt. The salt is converted by the means of an electrolysis process into a solution of Product B in water. Product B is produced in two stages. In the first stage of the Product B plant, c from gas waste streams is absorbed into a xx% solution. Next, in the B reactor, the final product is manufactured by adding pure c into the diluted B.
The solution of Product B generally contains between xx and xx gram C per liter. The sBU X is nowadays trying to make a stable solution which contain around xx gram C per liter. The following reaction occurs:
X + X X + X + X
Without any preventative measures, Product B is subject to two decomposition reactions, namely disproportionate and transformation.
The following reaction occurs by disproportionation, c1 will be formed:
X X + X
The following reaction occurs by transformation, o and s will be formed.
X X + X
Both reactions cause a loss in the effectiveness of Product B. The disproportsionation is promoted by a high concentration of Product B, a wrong pH of the solution, exposure to high temperature and exposure to sunlight (UV). To minimize the loss of effectiveness, clients are recommended to keep the stock Product B as small as possible, to keep the storage cool, at least below 30°C and to avoid direct exposure to sunlight. The transformation reaction is caused by the catalysis of metals. It is therefore important to avoid contact of Product B with metals, especially nickel, copper and iron, during transportation, storage, and handling. SBU X is using a thumb of rule for the stability of the Product B solution, the active chlorine content decreases with approximately xx to x gram per liter per 24 hours at room temperature.
Product B gives with water the following reaction.
X + X X + X + X
The applications of Product B are disinfection or oxidation. The effect of disinfecting is the killing of all kind of organism. The killing effect is based on the ease with which H penetrates the cellular tissue of bacteria. The effect of oxidation is to oxidize contaminations. The oxidation of organic contaminations occurs by the flowing reaction:
X X + X
The result of this reaction is that atomic oxygen (free radical) is available for oxidation purpose.
Annex 6 Questionnaire actual identity
1. In which functional group are you working at sBU X?
□ Marketing
□ Sales
□ TSMD
□ Customer Service Desk
□ Other, namely ……….
2. For how many years have you worked for this sub Business Unit?
□ 0 – 5 years
□ 6 – 10 years
□ 11 – 15 years
□ 16 – 20 years
□ More than 20 years
3. With clients of which products do you have regular contact?
□ Only with clients buying Product B
1□ Only with clients buying Product A
2□ With both; clients of the products Product B and Product A
1
You can skip question 7
2