Supercritical water gasification of biomass: an experimental study of model compounds and potential biomass feeds

Supercritical Water

Gasification of

Biomass:

An experimental study of

model compounds and

potential biomass feeds

INVIT

ATION

With immense pleasure, I invite you to attend the public defense of

my doctoral thesis entitled

On Friday 6th _{December 2013,} at 12:45 h

(presentation starts at 12:30 h), Room 4, building 'Waaier’,

University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.

Paranimpfen

Rens Veneman r.veneman@utwente.nl

Shushil Kumar s.kumar@utwente.nl Anand Gupta Chakinala

: a.g.chakinala@gmail.com

: +32 (0) 468331302

At 18:30 h you and your partner are cordially invited to a dinner& party at

The Bombay Spice Wemenstraat 59, 7551 EW Hengelo : +31(0)74-2567643 Party starts at 21:00 h De Twee Wezen Burgemeester Jansenplein 23, 7551 ED Hengelo : +31(0)74-2914045 199382-os-Chakinala.indd 1 19-11-13 16:35









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SUMMARY ... I

CHAPTER 1...1

INTRODUCTION ...1

1.1 MOTIVATION – POTENTIAL OF BIOMASS AS A SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SOURCE...2

1.2 AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGIES FOR BIOMASS ...2

1.3 OPTIONS AVAILABLE FOR THERMOCHEMICAL CONVERSION OF WET BIOMASS ....5

1.4 FEEDSTOCKS FOR SCWG...7

1.5 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF WATER AT SUPERCRITICAL CONDITIONS ...8

1.6 THESIS OUTLINE...10

CHAPTER 2...13

CATALYTIC AND NON-CATALYTIC SUPERCRITICAL WATER GASIFICATION OF MICROALGAE AND GLYCEROL ...13

2.1 INTRODUCTION ...14

2.2 EXPERIMENTAL SECTION...17

2.3 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION...21

2.4 DISCUSSION ...34

2.5 CONCLUSIONS...36

CHAPTER 3...37

SUPERCRITICAL WATER GASIFICATION OF ORGANIC ACIDS AND ALCOHOLS: THE EFFECT OF CHAIN LENGTH...37

3.1 INTRODUCTION ...38

3.2 EXPERIMENTAL SECTION...39

3.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION...41

3.4 CONCLUSIONS...65

CHAPTER 4...67

HYDROGEN FROM ETHYLENE GLYCOL BY SUPERCRITICAL WATER REFORMING USING NOBLE AND BASE METAL CATALYSTS ...67

4.1 INTRODUCTION ...68

4.2 EXPERIMENTAL SECTION...70

4.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION...73

4.4 CONCLUSIONS...87

CHAPTER 5...89

CATALYTIC REFORMING OF GLYCEROL IN SUPERCRITICAL WATER OVER BIMETALLIC PT-NI CATALYST...89

5.1 INTRODUCTION ...90

5.2 EXPERIMENTAL SECTION...92

5.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION...94

5.4 CONCLUSIONS ...115

CHAPTER 6...117

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF HYDROTHERMAL GASIFICATION OF BIO-LIQUIDS IN A CONTINUOUS REACTOR...117

6.1 INTRODUCTION ...118



APPENDIX-1 ...137

CATALYST SCREENING FOR THE HYDROTHERMAL GASIFICATION OF AQUEOUS PHASE OF BIO-OIL...137

A.1 INTRODUCTION ...138

A.2 EXPERIMENTAL SECTION ...138

A.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION...141

A.4 CONCLUSIONS ...155 CHAPTER 7...157 EPILOGUE ...157 BIBILIOGRAPHY ...161 JOURNAL PUBLICATIONS ...173 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...175

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