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Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/20223 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation.

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The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/20223 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation.

Author: Spijker, Anne Titia

Title: Cortisol exposure, cognition and clinical course of bipolar disorder Issue Date: 2012-12-04

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Cortisol exposure, cognition

and clinical course of bipolar disorder

A.T. Spijker

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Cortisol exposure, cognition

and clinical course of bipolar disorder

Proefschrift

Ter verkrijging van de graad van Doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden,

op gezag van de Rector Magnificus Prof. Mr. P.F. van der Heijden, volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties

te verdedigen op dinsdag 4 december 2012 klokke 13:45 uur

door

Anne Titia Spijker

Geboren te Rotterdam in 1975

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Overige leden: Prof. Dr. W. A. Nolen (UMCG)

Prof. Dr. R. W. Kupka (VUmc, Amsterdam) Prof. Dr. E. R. De Kloet

This research project was financially supported by Fonds Nuts Ohra, PsyQ The Hague and the Parnassia Group.

Printing of this thesis was financially supported by the Parnassia Bavo Academie and the Faculty of Social Sciences, Leiden University.

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Content

Chapter 1. Introduction 7

Chapter 2. Glucocorticoid sensitivity in Mood Disorders 43

Chapter 3. Glucocorticoid Receptor Polymorphisms in Major Depression:

Focus on glucocorticoid sensitivity and neurocognitive functioning 63

Chapter 4. Functional Polymorphism of the Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene

associates with mania and hypomania in Bipolar Disorder 93

Chapter 5. Glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptor polymorphisms

and clinical characteristics in bipolar disorder patients 109

Chapter 6. Long-term cortisol in Bipolar Disorder: Associations with age of

onset and psychiatric comorbidity 131

Chapter 7. Influence of medication use and clinical characteristics of Bipolar Disorder on attention, working memory and executive functions 153

Chapter 8. Discussion 175

Summary 197

Nederlandstalige samenvatting 207

Curriculum Vitae 215

Dankwoord 219

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