Ecotoxicological Serious Risk Concentrations for soil, sediment and (ground)water: updated proposals for first series of compounds. Annex | RIVM

research for man and environment

RIJKSINSTITUUT VOOR VOLKSGEZONDHEID EN MILIEU

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT

Annex to RIVM report 711701 020

Ecotoxicological Serious Risk Concentrations

for soil, sediment and (ground)water: updated

proposals for first series of compounds

R. Posthumus and E.M.J. Verbruggen

April 2001

This investigation has been performed for the account of the Directorate-General for

Environmental Protection, Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment,

within the framework of project 711701, Risk in relation to soil quality.

Annex to RIVM report 711701 020 page 3 of 122

Abstract

This annex is supplementary to RIVM report 711701 020, ‘Ecotoxicological Serious Risk

Concentrations for soil, sediment and (ground)water: updated proposals for first series of

compounds’ (E.M.J. Verbruggen, R. Posthumus and A.P. van Wezel). For the compounds

considered in this report, which were not yet evaluated in the context of the project ‘Setting

Integrated Environmental Quality Standards’, new toxicity data have been searched for.

Further, additional toxicity data were collected for chlorophenols.

These toxicity data are incorporated in this annex. The data are single species toxicity data for

terrestrial and aquatic organisms and effect data on terrestrial processes. All toxicity data on

aquatic and terrestrial organisms refer to effects that may affect the species at the population

level.

Annex to RIVM report 711701 020 page 5 of 122

Contents

Legend 7

Appendix I Toxicity data on cyanides 8

Appendix II Toxicity data on non-halogenated monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons compounds 23

Appendix III Toxicity data on halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons 45

Appendix IV Toxicity data on other compounds 87

Annex to RIVM report 711701 020 page 7 of 122

Legend

A legend of the terms used in the tables is given below.

Aqueous toxicity test

organisms

Species used in the test, if available followed by: age, size,weight or

life stage

A

Y test substance analysed in test solution

N test substance not analysed in solution

-: no information available

test type

S: static; R: renewal; F: flow-through

test substance purity

percentage active ingredient; ag: analytical grade; rg: reagent grade;

tech.: technical grade; high: high but unknown purity

pH

pH of test water; -: no information available

hardness/salinity

hardness/salinity of test water, expressed in mg calcium carbonate per

liter; -: no information available

test water

am: artificial medium; tap: tap water; nw: natural water; rw:

reconstituted water

exp. time

Exposure time: h: hour(s); d: day(s); w: week(s); m: month(s); min:

minute(s)

criterion

toxicological endpoint, e.g. NOEC, LC50 or EC50

notes

α: given value based on measured concentrations

value

> and

≥ value indicated is highest concentration used in the test.

< and < value indicated is lowest concentration used in the test.

Terrestrial species or microbial processes and enzymatic activity

species/process

Species/Process used in the test, if available followed by: age, size,

weight or life stage; Species are categorized in taxonomic groups

A

Y test substance analysed in test solution

N test substance not analysed in solution

-: no information available

soil type

Type of soil used in test, e.g. artificial soil (art. soil).

% o.m.

percentage organic matter of test soil (if presented in % organic carbon

a factor of 1.7 was used to calculate % o.m.)

% clay

percentage clay of test soil

temp.

temperature at which test was performed

exp. time

Exposure time: h: hour(s); d: day(s); w: week(s); m: month(s); min:

minute(s)

criterion

toxicological endpoint, e.g. NOEC, LC50 or EC50

notes

α: given value based on measured concentrations

result test soil

results as given in the original studies;

> and

≥ value indicated is highest concentration used in the test.

< and < value indicated is lowest concentration used in the test.

stand. soil

results from test soil recalculated to standard soil (10 % o.m. and 25%

Appendix I Toxicity data on cyanides

In this appendix toxicity data on free cyanide, thiocyanate and complex cyanides are

presented.

Content

Table I. 1: Acute toxicity of free cyanide to fresh water species 9

Table I. 2: Acute toxicity of free cyanide to marine species 13

Table I. 3: Chronic toxicity of free cyanide to fresh water species 14

Table I. 4: Chronic toxicity of free cyanide to marine organisms 16

Table I. 5: Acute toxicity of cyanide complexes to fresh water species 16

Table I. 6: Acute toxicity of cyanide complexes to marine species 16

Table I. 7: Chronic toxicity of cyanide complexes to fresh water species 17

Table I. 8: Chronic toxicity of cyanide complexes to marine species 17

Table I. 9: Acute toxicity of thiocyanates to fresh water species 18

Table I. 10: Acute toxicity of thiocyanates to marine species 20

Table I. 11: Chronic toxicity of thiocyanates to fresh water species 20

A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 020 pag e 9 of 122

Table I. 1: Acute toxicity of fre

e cyanid

e to fresh water species

org anism A tes t ty pe tes t subs t. puri ty pH hardn ess sal ini ty [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t wa te r exp. tim e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] * note ref ere nce H Y DR O G EN CY ANI DE algae Chlamydomona s re inha rd tii Y S ag 6.5-7.5 -am 72 h E C50 0.33 c B rack & Rott ler, 1994 crust acea Acart ia c lau si -96 h L C50 0.030 Eisl er, 1 991 (rev iew ) Daphnia mag na -96 h L C50 0.16 Eisl er, 1 991 (rev iew ) Daphnia p ule x -96 h L C50 0.083 Eisl er, 1 991 (rev iew ) mol lu sca Physa h ete ros trop ha -96 h L C50 0.432 Eisl er, 1 991 (rev iew ) pi sce s Lepomis ma croc hir us , sw im m -up fry Y F -7.83 220 nw 96 h L C50 0.23-0.37 h S m ith et a l., 19 78 Lepomis ma croc hir us , juv eni les Y F -7.91 220 nw 96 h L C50 0.075-0.125 i S m ith et a l., 19 78 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss Y F -7.34 127 tap 96 h L C50 0.043-0.058 a M cGea chy & Leduc, 1988 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss Y F -7.34 127 tap 96 h L C50 0.042-0.076 b M cGea chy & Leduc, 1988 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss Y F -7.9 127.7 tap 18 d E C50 0.03 p R uby et al., 1979 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss Y F -8.06 -tap 96 h L C50 0.028 q K ov acs & Led uc, 19 82 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss Y F -8.1 -tap 96 h L C50 0.042 r K ov acs & Led uc, 19 82 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss Y F -7.82 -tap 96 h L C50 0.068 s K ov acs & Led uc, 19 82 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , 3-12 g Y F -7.9 127.7 tap 18 d E C50 0.021 w D ixon & Ledu c, 1981 Perca fla ves cens , eg gs Y F -7.66 220 nw 96 h L C50 0.288 Sm ith et a l., 19 78 Perca fla ves cens , swim m -up fry Y F -7.71 220 nw 96 h L C50 0.30 Sm ith et a l., 19 78 Perca fla ves cens , j uv eni le s Y F -7.76 220 nw 96 h L C50 0.076-0.108 j S m ith et a l., 19 78 Pimepha les prome las , eg gs Y F -7.86 220 nw 96 h L C50 0.12-0.35 e S m ith et a l., 19 78 Pimepha les prome las , swim m -up fry Y F -7.93 220 nw 96 h L C50 0.082-0.12 f S m ith et a l., 19 78 Pimepha les prome las , juv eni les Y F -7.84 220 nw 96 h L C50 0.082-0.137 g S m ith et a l., 19 78 Salmo sa lar -96 h L C50 0.09 Eisl er, 1 991 (rev iew ) Salve li nus fon tin al is , s ac fry Y F -7.76 220 nw 96 h L C50 0.108-0.518 k S m ith et a l., 19 78 PO TASSI UM C Y ANI DE protoz oa Spiro stomum amb iguum N S -7.5 150 am 24 h E C50 1.28 o N alecz -J aweck i & Sawi ck i, 1998

pag e 10 of 122 A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 0 20 org anism A tes t ty pe tes t subs t. puri ty pH hardn ess sal ini ty [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t wa te r exp. tim e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] * note ref ere nce T etra hym ena p yr ifo rm is N S -am 5 m in E C50 0.013 d N alecz -J aweck i & Sawi ck i, 1998 roti fe ra Brachi onus cal yc if loru s N S >97% -am 24 h L C50 40.6 Call ej a et al., 1994 crust acea Asel lus a quat icu s N S - 167-190 tap 48 h L C50 2.68 T scheu-S chlue te r & Sk ibba, 198 Ceriod aphn ia dub ia N S - 7.6-7.8 -am 1 h E C50 0.94 n L ee e t al ., 1997 Ceriod aphn ia dub ia N S - 7.6-7.8 -am 48 h E C50 2.52 Lee e t al ., 1997 Daphnia mag na N S >97% -am 24 h L C50 0.26 Call ej a et al., 1994 Daphnia mag na N S - 7.6-7.7 272 am 24 h E C50 0.53 Bring m ann & K ühn, 1977 a Daphnia mag na N S rg 7.6 -am 24 h E C50 0.61 Lil ius e t a l., 19 94 Strep toc epha lus probo sc ideus N S >97% -am 24 h L C50 1.4 Call ej a et al., 1994 pi sce s Leuci scus idu s mel anot us N S - 167-190 tap 96 h L C50 0.21 T scheu-S chlue te r & Sk ibba, 198 O ncothy nchu s m yk iss N S - 24-48 tap 96 h L C50 0.097 T scheu-S chlue te r & Sk ibba, 198 Perca fla ves cens Y F ag 7.8 -nw 144 h L C50 0.10 Solbe et a l.,1 985 P oeci lia re ticula ta N S - 167-186 tap 96 h L C50 0.8 T scheu-S chlue te r & Sk ibba, 198 R uti lus rut il us Y F ag 7.8 -nw 168 h L C50 0.11 Solbe et a l., 1 985 Salmo sa lar Y S - 7.5-8.5 250 nw 24 h L C50 0.073 l A labas te r e t a l., 1983 Salmo sa lar Y S - 7.5-8.5 250 nw 24 h L C50 0.024 m A labas te r e t a l., 1983 SO DI UM C Y ANI DE bact er ia act iv ated sludg e ba ct er ia N S rg 7.5 -am 3 h E C50 5.3 K leck a & Landi , 1985 Aeromonas hydr ophi la N S -6.7 -am 18 h E C50 25 D utk a & K w an, 19 81 Pseudomona s f luo resc ens N S -6.7 -am 18 h E C50 14 D utk a & K w an, 19 81 Spir il lium vol utan s N S -6.7 -am 120 m in E C50 83 D utk a & K w an, 19 81 R hizob ium m eli lot i N S -7.5 -am 20 m in IC50 21 x Botsf ord et a l., 1 997 crust acea Cyclop s v iri dis N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.32 t S ark ar, 199 0 Cyclop s v iri dis N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.31 u S ark ar, 199 0 Cyclop s v iri dis N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.15 v S ark ar, 199 0 Daphnia sp. N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.33 t S ark ar, 199 0 Daphnia sp. N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.32 u S ark ar, 199 0

A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 020 pag e 11 of 122 org anism A tes t ty pe tes t subs t. puri ty pH hardn ess sal ini ty [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t wa te r exp. tim e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] * note ref ere nce Daphnia sp. N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.15 v S ark ar, 199 0 Diaptomu s sp. N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.31 t S ark ar, 199 0 Diaptomu s sp. N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.33 u S ark ar, 199 0 Diaptomu s sp. N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.15 v S ark ar, 199 0 in sec ta Cor ix a sp. N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.47 t S ark ar, 199 0 Cor ix a sp. N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.47 u S ark ar, 199 0 Cor ix a sp. N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.48 v S ark ar, 199 0 D ytic us s p. N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.46 t S ark ar, 199 0 D ytic us s p. N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.47 u S ark ar, 199 0 D ytic us s p. N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.49 v S ark ar, 199 0 Ne pa sp. N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.55 t S ark ar, 199 0 Ne pa sp. N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.55 u S ark ar, 199 0 Ne pa sp. N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.46 v S ark ar, 199 0 Ranatr a sp. N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.43 t S ark ar, 199 0 Ranatr a sp. N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.44 u S ark ar, 199 0 Ranatr a sp. N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.43 v S ark ar, 199 0 mol lu sca Goniobas is li ves cen s N S ag 8.0-8.6 137-171 nw 48 h L C50 760 Cairn s e t al ., 1976 Lymnaea ema rgin ata angu lata N S ag 8.0-8.6 137-171 nw 48 h L C50 3.3 Cairn s e t al ., 1976 Lymnaea leu teo la N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 2.48 t S ark ar, 199 0 Lymnaea leu teo la N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 2.53 u S ark ar, 199 0 Lymnaea leu teo la N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 2.48 v S ark ar, 199 0 Physa int egra N S ag 8.0-8.6 137-171 nw 48 h L C50 1.35 Cairn s e t al ., 1976 Pila g lobo sa N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 2.96 t S ark ar, 199 0 Pila g lobo sa N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 2.90 u S ark ar, 199 0 Pila g lobo sa N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 1.68 v S ark ar, 199 0 Planor bis exu stu s N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 2.98 t S ark ar, 199 0 Planor bis exu stu s N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 2.92 u S ark ar, 199 0 Planor bis exu stu s N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 1.64 v S ark ar, 199 0 Vivi paru s beng ale nsi s N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 2.90 t S ark ar, 199 0 Vivi paru s beng ale nsi s N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 2.97 u S ark ar, 199 0

pag e 12 of 122 A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 0 org anism A tes t ty pe tes t subs t. puri ty pH hardn ess sal ini ty [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t wa te r exp. tim e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] * note ref ere nce Vivi paru s beng ale nsi s N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 2.89 v S ark ar, 199 0 pi sce s C atla cat la N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 1.76 t S ark ar, 199 0 C atla cat la N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 1.73 u S ark ar, 199 0 C atla cat la N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.56 v S ark ar, 199 0 Cirrh inus m igra li s N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 1.52 t S ark ar, 199 0 Cirrh inus m igra li s N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 1.58 u S ark ar, 199 0 Cirrh inus m igra li s N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.37 v S ark ar, 199 0 Labeo ba ta N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 1.88 t S ark ar, 199 0 Labeo ba ta N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 1.97 u S ark ar, 199 0 Labeo ba ta N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.47 v S ark ar, 199 0 Labeo ca lba su N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 1.98 t S ark ar, 199 0 Labeo ca lba su N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 1.94 u S ark ar, 199 0 Labeo ca lba su N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.41 v S ark ar, 199 0 Labeo ro hi ta N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 1.95 t S ark ar, 199 0 Labeo ro hi ta N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 1.97 u S ark ar, 199 0 Labeo ro hi ta N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.38 v S ark ar, 199 0 T ilap ia m os am bic a N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 2.01 t S ark ar, 199 0 T ilap ia m os am bic a N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 1.97 u S ark ar, 199 0 T ilap ia m os am bic a N S ag 7.0 -tap 96 h L C50 0.37 v S ark ar, 199 0 *

All values ex

pressed as CN

-a

respons varied b

etwe

en season

(lowest value w

as found in winter

) and betwe

en ex

er

cised and non

-ex

ercised fish (v

alues lowe

r fo

r non

-ex

erci

sed fi

sh) ;

temp. 12° C

b

tests performed

at 12 and 18° C; lowest value w

as found at 12° C, hi

gh

est at 18° C; non-ex

ercised

fish

c

sealed bipartite vess

els in which a KHCO3/K2CO3 bu

ffe

r to supply

the

al

gae

with CO2

d

ox

yg

en upt

ake r

ate; cited in Nal

ecz

-J

awecki

&

Sawicki, 1998

e

7 tests performed

at differ

ent temper

atures (15.

2-25 °C), dissolved ox

yg

en (3.51

-7.25 mg

/l)

and pH-valu

es (7.72-8.00

)

f

5 tests performed

at differ

ent temper

atures (15

-24-9 °C), dissolved ox

yg

en

(3.77-5.14 m

g/l) and pH

-values (7.84

-8.02)

g

10 tests performed

at diffe

rent temper

atures (1

5-25.2 °C), dissolved ox

yg

en (3.58

-7.04 mg

/l)

and pH-valu

es (7.70-7.98

)

h

4 tests performed

at differ

ent temper

atures (20

-24.9 °C), dissolved ox

yg

en (3.59

-6.81 mg

/l)

and pH-valu

es (7.72-7.93

)

i

10 tests performed

at diffe

rent temper

atures (8.

4-25.1 °C), dissolved ox

yg

en (3.48

-8.35mg

/l)

and pH-valu

es (7.7-8.12

)

A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 020 pag e 13 of 122

j

6 tests performed

at differ

ent temper

atures (15

-21.4 °C), dissolved ox

yg

en (3.56

-7.10 mg

/l)

and pH-valu

es (7.69-7.83

)

k

4 tests performed

at differ

ent temper

atures (10

-13 °C), dissolved ox

yg

en (3.50

-7.84 mg

/l)

and pH-valu

es (7.68-7.84

)

l

DO 10 mg

/l;

un-ionize

d HCN

m

DO 3.5 mg

/l; un-ioniz

ed HCN

n

algal uptake suppr

ession test

o

deformations of the

cell

p

reduction in dividing

sperm

atog

oni

a

q6

°

C

r

12

°C

s

18

°C

t

21.5

°C

u

26.5

°C

v

31.4

°C

w

effe

ct

g

rowt

h

x

inhibition of d

ye redu

ction

Table I. 2: Acute toxicity of fre

e cyanid

e to marine speci

es

org anism A tes t ty pe tes t sub st. pur ity pH hardn ess sal in ity [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t w at er exp. t im e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] * note ref ere nce H Y DR O G EN CY ANI DE crust acea Gammarus pse udol imnae us -96 h L C50 0.058 b E isl er, 1 991 (rev iew ) Gammarus pse udol imnae us -96 h L C50 0.184 c E isl er, 1 991 (rev iew ) PO TASSI UM C Y ANI DE bact er io phy ta Photoba cte ri um phosp horeum N S >97% -am 5 m in E C50 4.66 Call ej a et al., 1994 Photoba cte ri um phosp horeum N S -am 5 m in E C50 2.5 Chang et al ., 1981 crust acea A rtem ia sa lin a N S >97% -am 24 h L C50 4.37 Call ej a et al., 1994 Mys idop sis bah ia , 24- h-old N F - 7.8-8.2 30 nw 96 h L C50 0.113 Lussi er et a l., 1 985 SO DI UM C Y ANI DE bact er io phy ta

pag e 14 of 122 A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 0 org anism A tes t ty pe tes t sub st. pur ity pH hardn ess sal in ity [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t w at er exp. t im e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] * note ref ere nce Photoba cte ri um phosp horeum N S -6.7 -am 15 m in E C50 2.8 Dutk a & K w an, 19 81 algae Nits chia clo st er ium Y S ag 8.0 -nw 72 h E C50 0.057 Pablo et a l., 1 997 c mol lu sca C hlam ys a spe rrim us , l arv ae N S ag -31.6 nw 48 h E C50 0.029 a P ablo et a l., 1 997 a crust acea Penaeus monodon , la rv ae N S >97% 8 31.6 nw 96 h L C50 0.11 Pablo et a l., 1 997 b *

All values ex

pressed as CN

-a

larval abnorm

alit

y

b

20

°C

c

5.2

°C

Table I. 3: Chronic toxicity of free c

yanide to fresh water species

org anism A tes t ty pe tes t sub st. puri ty pH hardn ess sal ini ty [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t wa te r exp. t im e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] * note ref ere nce H Y DR O G EN CY ANI DE crust acea Asel lus com m uni s -11d NOEC 0.028 Eisl er, 1 991 (rev iew ) pi sce s Lepomis ma croc hir us , a dult s Y F -8.09 -289 d NOEC 0.0483 a K im bal l et al. , 1978 Lepomis ma croc hir us , e ggs Y F - 8.02-8.07 -57 d NOEC 0.0088 a K im bal l et al. , 1978 Pimepha les prome las Y F - 8.06-8.09 -nw 107 d NOEC 0.0122 d Lind e t a l., 197 7 Pimepha les prome las Y F - 8.06-8.09 -nw 256 NOEC 0.0345 e Lind e t a l., 197 7 Pimepha les prome las Y F - 8.06-8.09 -nw 56 d NOEC 0.0503 f Lind e t a l., 197 7 Salmo sa lar , e ggs Y F -7.6 -tap 103-151 d NOEC < 0.01 b Leduc, 19 77 Salve li nus fon tin al is Y F - 7.9-8.1 236 nw 144 d NOEC 0.0055 d K oen st et al., 1977 Salve li nus fon tin al is , e ggs Y F - 7.9-8.1 236 nw 12 d NOEC 0.0519 g K oen st et al., 1977 Salve li nus fon tin al is , em bry o Y F - 7.9-8.1 236 nw 30 d NOEC 0.0109 h K oen st et al., 1977 Salve li nus fon tin al is , em bry o Y F - 7.9-8.1 236 nw 60 d NOEC 0.0211 h K oen st et al., 1977 Salve li nus fon tin al is , em bry o Y F - 7.9-8.1 236 nw 90 d NOEC 0.042 a K oen st et al., 1977

A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 020 pag e 15 of 122 org anism A tes t ty pe tes t sub st. puri ty pH hardn ess sal ini ty [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t wa te r exp. t im e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] * note ref ere nce PO TASSI UM C Y ANI DE cyanophyt a Anabaena fl osaqu ae Y S -~ 7 am 10 d NOEC > 0.7 Shehat a e t a l., 198 8 Mic roc yst is aerug ino sa N S -7 28.7 am 8 d NOEC 0.07 Bring m ann & K ühn, 1978 b protoz oa C hilom on as pa ram ec ium N S -6.9 42.3 am 48 h NOEC 1.2 Bring m ann et al. , 1980 Entos iphon sul cat um N S -6.9 35.3 am 72 h NOEC 1.8 Bring m ann & K ühn, 1980 a bact er io phy ta Pseudomona s pu tid a N S -7 42.5 am 16 h NOEC 0.001 Bring m ann & K ühn, 1980 a algae Ankis tro desmus fa lca tus N S -19 am 10 d NOEC 0.27 h T scheu-S chlue te r & Sk ibba, 198 6 Scened esmus quadr ica uda N S -7 28.7 am 8 d NOEC 0.03 Bring m ann & K ühn, 1980 a Scened esmus quadr ica uda Y S -7 – 10.3 am 10 d NOEC 0.3 Shehat a e t a l., 198 8 pi sce s O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , g am etes Y S -9.0 -am 15 m in NOEC 0.00004 i Bill ard & Rou baud, 1985 SO DI UM C Y ANI DE protoz oa Uronema par ducz i N S -6.9 35.3 am 20 h NOEC 0.27 Bring m ann & K ühn, 1980 b *

All values ex

pressed as CN

-

. I

n

cy

anide solutions at 25

°C and pH 8.1, 93% o

f fr

ee c

ya

nide (

ex

pressed as HCN) is in the molecul

ar fo

rm

a

m

or

ta

lit

y

b

hatching

su

ccess

and larval

abnormalit

y

c

inc

uba

tion time

be

fo

re

ha

tc

h var

ie

d with te

mpe

ra

tur

e

d

egg

p

roduction

e

ha

tc

ha

bilit

y

f

w

eig

ht

and len

gth of the se

cond

ge

ne

ration

g

egg

vi

ab

ilit

y

hg

ro

w

th

i

inse

mina

tion

pag e 16 of 122 A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 0 20

Table I. 4: Chronic toxicity of free c

yanide to marine organisms

org anism A tes t ty pe tes t sub st. pur ity pH hardn ess sal in ity [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t w at er exp. t im e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] * note ref ere nce PO TASSI UM C Y ANI DE crust acea Mys idop sis bah ia N F - 7.8-8.2 30 nw 29 d NOEC >0.043 a Lussi er et a l., 1 985 Mys idop sis bah ia N F - 7.8-8.2 30 nw 29 d NOEC 0.043 b Lussi er et a l., 1 985 *

All values ex

pressed as CN

-a

reproduction

b

m

or

ta

lit

y

Table I. 5: Acute toxicity of

cyanide

complex

es to fresh water species

org anism A tes t ty pe tes t sub st. pur ity pH hardn ess sal in ity [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t w at er exp. t im e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] * note ref ere nce pi sce s O ncorhyn chus m yki ss N S - 24-48 tap 96 h LC50 0.19 a T scheu-S chlue te r & Sk ibba, 198 P oeci lia re ticula ta N S - 167-186 tap 96 h LC50 0.9 a T scheu-S chlue te r & Sk ibba, 198 *

All values ex

pressed as CN

-aN

a

3

[C

u(CN)

4

]

Table I. 6: Acute toxicity of

cyanide

complex

es to marine speci

es

org anism A tes t ty pe tes t sub st. pur ity pH hardn ess sal in ity [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t w at er exp. t im e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] * note ref ere nce algae N its chia clo st er ium Y S ag 8.0 -nw 72 h EC50 0.127 b Pablo et a l., 1 997 c N its chia clo st er ium Y S ag 8.0 -nw 72 h EC50 0.275 c Pablo et a l., 1 997 c mol lu sca C hlam ys a spe rrim us , l arv ae N S ag -31.6 nw 48 h EC50 b 0.13 ab Pablo et a l., 1 997a C hlam ys a spe rrim us , l arv ae N S ag -31.6 nw 48 h EC50 b 0.69 ac Pablo et a l., 1 997a crust acea Penaeus monodon , la rv ae N S >97% 8 31.6 nw 96 h LC50 9.1 b Pablo et a l., 1 997 b

A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 020 pag e 17 of 122 org anism A tes t ty pe tes t sub st. pur ity pH hardn ess sal in ity [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t w at er exp. t im e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] * note ref ere nce Penaeus monodon , la rv ae N S >97% 8 31.6 nw 96 h LC50 60.8 c Pablo et a l., 1 997 b Penaeus monodon , la rv ae N S >97% 9 31.6 nw 96 h LC50 2.70 b Pablo et a l., 1 997 b Penaeus monodon , la rv ae N S >97% 9 31.6 nw 96 h LC50 2.41 c Pablo et a l., 1 997 b *

All values ex

pressed as CN

-a

larval abnorm

alit

y

bK

3

Fe(C

N)

6

cK

4

Fe(C

N)

6

Table I. 7: Chronic toxicity of cyanide

complex

es to fresh water species

org anism A tes t ty pe tes t sub st. puri ty pH hardn ess sal in ity [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t w at er exp. tim e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] * note ref ere nce

algae

Ankistrodesmus falcatus

N

S

-19

am

10 d

NOEC

0.026

a

T

scheu-Schluete

r

&

Skibba, 1986

*

All values ex

pressed as CN

-a

gro

wth; Na

3

[C

u(CN)

4

]

Table I. 8: Chronic toxicity of cyanide

complex

es to marine spe

cies

org anism A tes t ty pe tes t sub st. pur ity pH hardn ess sal in ity [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t w at er exp. t im e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] * note ref ere nce algae Nits chia clo st er ium Y S ag 8.0 -nw 72 h NOEC 0.031 a P ablo et a l., 1 997 c N its chia clo st er ium Y S ag 8.0 -nw 72 h NOEC 0.031 b P ablo et a l., 1 997 c *

All values ex

pressed as CN

-aK

3

Fe(C

N)

6

bK

4

Fe(C

N)

6

pag e 18 of 122 A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 0

Table I. 9: Acute toxicity of thioc

yanates to fresh water species

org anism A tes t ty pe tes t sub st. puri ty pH hardn ess sal ini ty [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t wa te r exp. t im e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] * note ref ere nce crust acea Daphnia mag na Y S rg 5 75 tap 96 h L C50 3.52 i Wat son & M aly , 1987 Daphnia mag na Y S rg 5 75 tap 96 h L C50 1.90 b Wat son & M aly , 1987 Daphnia mag na Y S rg 5 75 tap 96 h L C50 0.63 j Wat son & M aly , 1987 Daphnia mag na Y S rg 6 75 tap 96 h L C50 14.57 i Wat son & M aly , 1987 Daphnia mag na Y S rg 6 75 tap 96 h L C50 10.1 b Wat son & M aly , 1987 Daphnia mag na Y S rg 6 75 tap 96 h L C50 1.42 j Wat son & M aly , 1987 Daphnia mag na Y S rg 7 75 tap 96 h L C50 32.09 i Wat son & M aly , 1987 Daphnia mag na Y S rg 7 75 tap 96 h L C50 19.32 b Wat son & M aly , 1987 Daphnia mag na Y S rg 7 75 tap 96 h L C50 3.21 j Wat son & M aly , 1987 Daphnia mag na N S rg -48 h L C50 57.4 k P ark hurs t e t al ., 1979 Daphnia mag na N S ag 7 1.86 tap 48 h E C50 3.02 g Z hang et al., 199 8 pi sce s A ris tichth ys no bi lis N S ag 7 1.86 tap 96 h L C50 396 g Z hang et al., 199 8 C arass ius a ura tus g ibe lio N S ag 7 1.86 tap 96 h L C50 139 g Z hang et al., 199 8 Ctenoph ayngod on ed el lus N S ag 7 1.86 tap 96 h L C50 303 g Z hang et al., 199 8 Cyprin us ca rpi a N S ag 7 1.86 tap 96 h L C50 219 g Z hang et al., 199 8 Hypophth almi cht hys mo litri x N S ag 7 1.86 tap 96 h L C50 486 g Z hang et al., 199 8 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss Y S rg 6 75 nw 96 h L C50 250 a S pey er & Raym ond, 1988 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss Y S rg 6 75 nw 96 h L C50 177 b S pey er & Raym ond, 1988 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss Y S rg 8 75 nw 96 h L C50 218 a S pey er & Raym ond, 1988 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss Y S rg 8 75 nw 96 h L C50 264 b S pey er & Raym ond, 1988 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , 1- d-old Y S 98% 7.45 352 nw 96 h L C50 244 f K ev an & Dixon, 1996 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , 1 0- d-old Y S 98% 7.45 352 nw 96 h L C50 191 f K ev an & Dixon, 1996 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , 1- d-old Y S 99.6% 7.75 352 nw 96 h L C50 233 g K ev an & Dixon, 1996 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , 1 0- d-old Y S 99.6% 7.75 352 nw 96 h L C50 250 g K ev an & Dixon, 1996 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , juv eni le Y F 98% 7.79 353 nw 144 h L C50 141 f K ev an & Dixon, 1996 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , juv eni le Y F 99.6 7.64 353 nw 144 h L C50 83 g K ev an & Dixon, 1996 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , 0. 7 g Y F rg 7.95 202 am 96 h L C50 20.8 Hem ing et al., 1985 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , 0. 7 g Y F rg 7.95 202 am 97.25 h L C50 < 7.7 d H em ing et al., 1985

A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 020 pag e 19 of 122 org anism A tes t ty pe tes t sub st. puri ty pH hardn ess sal ini ty [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t wa te r exp. t im e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] * note ref ere nce O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , 4. 1 g Y F rg 8.1 152 tap 96 h L C50 > 94 Hem ing & Blum ha ge n, 1989 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , 4. 1 g Y F rg 8.1 152 tap 97 h L C50 25 h Hem ing & Blum ha ge n, 1989 Parabram is p eki nens is N S ag 7 1.86 tap 96 h L C50 267 g Z hang et al., 199 8 Pimepha les prome las Y S - 7.2-7.9 40-48 tap 96 h L C50 0.15 l C urt is & W ard, 1 981 Salve li nus fon tin al is , 8.9 g Y F rg 7.86 194 am 96 h L C50 > 16.7 Hem ing et al., 1985 Salve li nus fon tin al is , 8.9 g Y F rg 7.86 194 am 96.25 h L C50 7.8 e H em ing et al., 1985 Tilap ia mos sambi ca N S ag 7 1.86 tap 96 h L C50 74.5 g Z hang et al., 199 8 macr op h yta Lemna mino r N S ag -96 h E C50 3663 c Z hang & Hong jun, 199 7 am phi bi a Bufo bu fo ga rgar iza ns N S ag 7 1.86 tap 96 h L C50 279 g Z hang et al., 199 8 Rana nig romacu la ta N S ag 7 1.86 tap 96 h L C50 230 g Z hang et al., 199 8 in sec ta Chironomu s sp. N S ag 7 1.86 tap 48 h L C50 250 g Z hang et al., 199 8 anneli da Limnodr ilu s ho ffme is ter i N S ag 7 1.86 tap 96 h L C50 1211 g Z hang et al., 199 8 *

All values ex

pressed as SCN

-a

temperatur

e 5° C, KSCN was tested

b

c

gro

wth rate inhibition; NaSCN was tested

d

fish were str

essed fo

r 15 sec.

after 96 h

ex

posure; mortalit

y was m

easur

ed 1.25 h later; KSCN was t

ested

e

fish were str

essed fo

r 5 sec.

after 96 h

ex

posure; mortalit

y was m

easur

ed 0.25 h later; KSCN was t

ested

f

K

S

C

N was tested

g

N

aSCN was tested

h

fish were str

essed fo

r 30 sec.

after 96 h

ex

posure; mortalit

y was m

easur

ed 1 h later; KSCN was t

ested

i

temperatur

e 8

° C; K

S

CN

w

as te

ste

d

j

temperatur

e 16

° C; K

S

CN

w

as te

ste

d

k

tested species not

gi

ven

l

mercu

ri

c t

hi

oc

yanat

e (

Hg

S

C

N) was tested

pag e 20 of 122 A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 0

Table I. 10: Acute toxicity of thioc

yanates to marine speci

es

org anism A tes t ty pe tes t sub st. pur ity pH hardn ess sal in ity [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t w at er exp. t im e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] * note ref ere nce crust acea Palaemon ete s pug io Y S - 8.3-8.7 25 o/oo am 96 h L C50 0.09 a C urt is & W ard, 1 981 *

All values ex

pressed as SCN

-a

mercu

ri

c t

hi

oc

yanat

e (

Hg

S

C

N) was tested

Table I. 11: Chronic toxicity of thiocyanates to fresh water species

org

anism A tes t ty pe tes t sub st. puri ty pH hardn ess sal in ity [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t w at er exp. t im e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] * note ref ere nce crust acea Daphnia mag na , < 2 4 h N S ag 7 1.86 tap 21 d NOEC 0.36 il Z hang et al., 199 8 Daphnia mag na , < 2 4 h N S ag 7 1.86 tap 21 d NOEC 1.43 ie Z hang et al., 199 8 pi sce s C arass ius a ura tus g ibe lio , fry N F ag 7 1.86 tap 60 d NOEC 9.7 ie Z hang et al., 199 8 C arass ius a ura tus g ibe lio , fry N F ag 7 1.86 tap 60 d NOEC 5.1 im Z hang et al., 199 8 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , eg gs Y S 98% 7.2 379 nw 3 d NOEC 475 eh j K ev an & Dixon, 1991 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , eg gs Y S 98% 7.2 379 nw 3 d NOEC < 85 fh j K ev an & Dixon, 1991 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , eg gs Y S 98% 7.2 379 nw 3 d NOEC 1240 gh j K ev an & Dixon, 1991 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , eg gs Y S 98% 7.2 379 nw 3 d NOEC 630 ehk K ev an & Dixon, 1991 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , eg gs Y S 98% 7.2 379 nw 3 d NOEC < 90 fhk K ev an & Dixon, 1991 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , eg gs Y S 98% 7.2 379 nw 3 d NOEC 630 gh k K ev an & Dixon, 1991 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , eg gs Y S 99.6% 7.2 379 nw 3 d NOEC > 2700 eg ij K ev an & Dixon, 1991 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , eg gs Y S 99.6% 7.2 379 nw 3 d NOEC 1350 fi j K ev an & Dixon, 1991 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , eg gs Y S 99.6% 7.2 379 nw 3 d NOEC > 2700 fg ik K ev an & Dixon, 1991 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , eg gs Y S 99.6% 7.2 379 nw 3 d NOEC 470 eik K ev an & Dixon, 1991 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss .juv . Y F rg 7.68 382 nw 112 d NOEC 77 e Lanno & Dixon , 1996 a,b Pimepha les prome las Y F - 7.7-7.8 372 nw 124 d NOEC 1.1 a L anno & Dixon , 1994 Pimepha les prome las Y F - 7.7-7.8 372 nw 124 d NOEC 16.6 b L anno & Dixon , 1994 Pimepha les prome las Y F - 7.7-7.8 372 nw 124 d NOEC 7.3 c L anno & Dixon , 1994 Pimepha les prome las Y F - 7.7-7.8 372 nw 56 d NOEC 7.3 d L anno & Dixon , 1994

A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 020 pag e 21 of 122 org anism A tes t ty pe tes t sub st. puri ty pH hardn ess sal in ity [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t w at er exp. t im e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] * note ref ere nce macr op h yta Lemna mino r N S ag 7 1.86 tap 96 h NOEC 774 in Z hang et al., 199 8 Lemna mino r N S ag 7 1.86 tap 96 h NOEC 1834 io Z hang et al., 199 8 *

All values ex

pressed as SCN

-a

time

to f

ir

st spa

w

n a

nd e

gg pr

odu

ction

b

w

eig

ht of

F

0

gener

ation

c

m

or

ta

lit

y

of

F

0 g

ener

ation

d

survival of F

1

gener

ation at da

y 56

e

m

or

ta

lit

y

f

de

for

mitie

s

g

fertiliz

ation succes

h

K

S

C

N was tested

i

N

aSCN was tested

j

be

for

e

wa

te

r h

ar

de

ning

(

w

he

n p

er

ivite

lline

f

or

m

ation ta

ke

s pl

ac

e)

k

af

te

r w

ate

r h

ar

de

nin

g (whe

n the

p

rote

ctive

c

ho

rion me

mbr

an

e is f

or

m

ed

)

l

reproduction

mw

ei

gh

t

ng

ro

w

th

o

chloroph

yll A

content

Table I. 12: Toxicity of thiocyanates to soil organisms

org

anism soi l ty pe pH % om % c lay tem p [° C ] exp. t im e cri te rion resu lt te st soi l [m g/ kgd. w. ] * resu lt st and. so il [m g/ kgd. w. ] * note ref ere nce anneli da L im oniu s ca liforn icu s sil t loam 6.0 2.9 18.5 22 24 h L C50 7175 a M cCaf fr ey et a l., 199 5 24 h L C50 6160 a M cCaf fr ey et a l., 199 5 *

All values ex

pressed in SCN

-a

ex

posure to KSCN; soil contained 17 g

total carbon per

k

g; mortalit

y is after 48 h

and 96 h r

ecove

ry

resp

ectivel

y.

Annex to RIVM report 711701 020 page 23 of 122

Appendix II Toxicity data on non-halogenated

monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons compounds

In this appendix toxicity data on non-halogenated monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

compounds are presented.

Content

Table II. 1: Acute toxicity of phenol to fresh water species 24

Table II. 2: Acute toxicity of phenol to marine species 29

Table II. 3: Chronic toxicity of phenol to fresh water species 30

Table II. 4: Chronic toxicity of phenol to marine species 31

Table II. 5: Toxicity of phenol to soil organisms 31

Table II. 6: Acute toxicity of o-cresol to fresh water species 32

Table II. 7: Acute toxicity of o-cresol to marine species 33

Table II. 8: Chronic toxicity of o-cresol to fresh water species 34

Table II. 9: Toxicity of o-cresol to soil organisms 34

Table II. 10: Acute toxicity of m-cresol to fresh water species 35

Table II. 11: Acute toxicity of m-cresol to marine species 35

Table II. 12: Chronic toxicity of m-cresol to fresh water species 36

Table II. 13: Toxicity of m-cresol to soil organisms 36

Table II. 14: Acute toxicity of p-cresol to fresh water species 37

Table II. 15: Acute toxicity of p-cresol to marine species 38

Table II. 16: Chronic toxicity p-cresol to fresh water species 38

Table II. 17: Acute toxicity of catechol to fresh water species 38

Table II. 18: Acute toxicity of catechol to marine species 39

Table II. 19: Toxicity of catechol to soil organisms 39

Table II. 20: Acute toxicity of resorcinol to fresh water species 39

Table II. 21: Acute toxicity of resorcinol to marine species 40

Table II. 22: Chronic toxicity of resorcinol to fresh water species 40

Table II. 23: Acute toxicity of hydroquinone to fresh water species 41

Table II. 24: Acute toxicity of hydroquinone to marine species 42

Table II. 25: Chronic toxicity of hydroquinone to fresh water species 43

pag e 24 of 122 A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 0

Table II. 1: Acute to

xicity of phenol to fresh water species

org anism A tes t ty pe tes t subs t. puri ty pH hardn ess sal ini ty [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t wa te r exp. tim e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] note ref ere nce protoz oa Tetra hym ena p yr ifo rm is -S >95% 7.35 -am 48 h E C50 153 Bry ant & Schu ltz , 1994 T etra hym ena p yr ifo rm is -S -am 48 h E C50 254 Schul tz et a l., 19 86 T etra hym ena p yr ifo rm is -S -am 48 h E C50 196 Baerde n & Schu ltz , 1997 bact er io phy ta Activ ate d s ludg e bac te ria -S -7.5 -am 6 h IC50 799 c K leck a & Landi , 1985 Aeromonas hydr ophi la -S -6.7 -am 18 h E C50 1600 d D utk a & K w an, 19 81 B aci llu s sp. -S -7 -am 30 m in E C50 2300 f L iu e t a l., 1982 R hizob ium m eli lot i -S -7.5 -am 20 m in E C50 1433 j B otsf ord et a l., 1 997 Escher ich ia col i -S -am 12-16 h E C50 659 d N endz a & Sey del, 1988 Pseudomona s f luo resc ens -S -6.7 -am 18 h E C50 880 Dutk a & K w an, 19 81 Pseudomona s f luo resc ens -S ≥ 99 % 7.2 -dtw 20 m in E C50 458 Boy d et al., 1997 Pseudomona s pu tid a -S -am 6 h E C50 244 d S labbe rt , 1986 Spir il lum vo lu tans -S -6.7 -am 120 m in E C50 300 Dutk a & K w an, 19 81 algae Chlore lla vu lgar is N S rg 7.5 -am 96 h E C50 370 Shig eok a et a l., 198 8 Pseudok ir chne rie ll a sub spic at a N S rg 7.5 -am 96 h E C50 150 Shig eok a et a l., 198 8 Scened esmus quadr ica uda N S ag 8.4 127 nw 24 h E C50 403 Tisl er & Z ag orc-K oncan, 199 7 roti fe ra Brachi onus cal yc if loru s N S ag -am 24 h L C50 112 Cris ine l e t a l., 1994 crust acea Acantho dia ptomus den ti corn is , 3. 2 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 38 A lek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 Acantho dia ptomus den ti corn is , 1. 7 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 110 Alek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 Asel lus a quat icu s Y F -7.8 99.5 -96 h L C50 180 Green e t a l., 19 85 Asel lus a quat icu s, 8.2 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 15 A lek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 Asel lus a quat icu s, juv . 4 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 78 A lek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 A sel lus int erm ed ius , 0.012 g -S -7.4 130 -96 h L C50 25 E well et a l., 1 986 Bytho trep hes long imanu s, 3 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 126 Alek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 Ceriod aphn ia dub ia N S >99% 8.18 57.07 rtw 48 h L C50 3.1 Oris et a l., 1 991 Ceriod aphn ia dub ia -S -8.2 90-110 nw 48 h L C 50 20 C ow gill & Mi laz zo, 1991

A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 020 pag e 25 of 122 org anism A tes t ty pe tes t subs t. puri ty pH hardn ess sal ini ty [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t wa te r exp. tim e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] note ref ere nce Canthoc amptus spp. N S -48 h L C50 8.8 Ram a Rao & Nath, 1983 C haetoc oroph ium c. f. luca si N S -7.6 10 nw 96 h E C50 8.1 Hick ey & Marti n, 1995 C yclop s v ici nus , 1. 6 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 114 Alek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 Cypri s pube ra , 2.1 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 132 Alek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 Cypri s subg lobo sa , 0.6 7 m m -S rg 7.9 204 dtw 96 h L C50 72 R ao et al., 1983 Daphnia long isp ina , 2 .5 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 14 A lek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 Daphnia mag na , < 2 4 h -S rg 7.6 -am 24 h E C50 9.1 Lil ius e t a l., 19 94 Daphnia mag na , < 1 2 h -S -8.2 160-180 nw 48 h L C 50 13 C ow gill & Mi laz zo, 1991 Daphnia mag na , < 2 4 h -S -8.0 157 nw 48 h L C50 12.9 Gersi ch e t a l., 198 6 Daphnia mag na , < 2 4 h -S -100 -48 h L C50 23 H erm ens et a l., 19 84 Daphnia mag na , < 2 4 h -F -7.4 44.7 -48 h L C50 12.6 Holcom be et a l., 1 987 Daphnia mag na , 1 st -2 nd insta r -S -7.4 130 -96 h L C50 4 Ewell et a l., 1 986 Daphnia mag na , < 2 4 h -S -7.8 140 -48 h L C50 20 M illem an et al. , 1984 Daphnia mag na , < 2 4 h -S - 7.0-8.2 154.5 -48 h L C50 23.5 Randal l & K nopp, 1 980 Daphnia mag na N S ag 7.8 250 am 48 h E C50 5.6 Cris ine l e t a l., 1994 Daphnia mag na ,12-24 h -S -nw 48 h E C50 6.6 K ee n & Bai llo d, 1985 Daphnia mag na , 6-24 h N S -8.0 240 am 24 h E C50 21 K ühn et al., 1989 Daphnia mag na , 6-24 h N S -8.0 240 am 48 h E C50 10 K ühn et al., 1989 Daphnia mag na , 24 h N S -7.6 272 am 24 h L C50 31 B ring m ann & K ühn, 1977 a Daphnia mag na , 24 h N S -8 250 am 24 h L C50 12 B ring m ann & K ühn, 1982 Daphnia mag na , < 7 2 h -S > 95% 8 200 rw 24 h E C 50 37.2 D ev ille rs e t a l., 19 87 Daphnia mag na , =< 24 h -S ≥ 80 % 7.4-9.4 160-186 rnw 48 h L C50 12 L eBlanc , 1980 Daphnia mag na -S rg -48 h L C50 30 P ark hurs t e t al ., 1979 Daphnia p ule x N S ag 8.4 127 nw 48 h E C50 25 T isl er & Z ag orc-K oncan, 199 7 Daphnia p ule x -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 18 A lek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 Daphnia p ul icar ia Y F -8.1 707.3 nw 48 h L C50 > 109 DeGraev e et al., 1980 Eudiap tomus g rac ilis , 1 .8 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 130 Alek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 G am m arus fa sci atu s -48 h L C50 7-35 S tephe nson, 1983 (c ite d) G am m arus fa sci atu s, 0.00 7 g -S -7.4 130 -96 h L C50 21 E well et a l., 1 986 Gammar us mi nu s -S -7.8 140 nw 48 h L C50 37 M illem an et al. , 1984 Gammar us pule x S -8.3 249 dtw 96 h L C50 51 S tephe nson, 1983 Gammar us pule x Y S -8.3 104 dtw 96 h L C50 40 S tephe nson, 1983

pag e 26 of 122 A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 0 org anism A tes t ty pe tes t subs t. puri ty pH hardn ess sal ini ty [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t wa te r exp. tim e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] note ref ere nce Gammar us pule x Y F -7.8 99.5 -96 h L C50 69 G reen e t a l., 19 85 Lynceau s bra chyu ri s, 4 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 78 A lek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 Polyph emus pe dic ulu s, 1.4 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 57 A lek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 Strep toc epha lus rubr ica udat us , cy st N S ag -am 24 h L C50 36.3 Cris ine l e t a l., 1994 Strep toc epha lus te xanus , cy st N S ag -am 24 h L C50 21.9 Cris ine l e t a l., 1994 in sec ta Baet is rh odan i Y F -7.8 99.5 -96 h L C50 16 G reen e t a l., 19 85 Chironomu s r ipar ius Y S -7.8 99.5 -96 h L C50 240 Green e t a l., 19 85 Chironomu s t enta ns , 4 th inst ar -S -7.8 150 -48 h L C50 187 Franco et al., 1984 Chironomu s t enta ns , 4 th inst ar -S -7.8 140 -48 h L C50 105 Mi llem an et al. , 1984 Clino tany pus p ingu is , 3 rd -4 th instar -S -7.8 150 -48 h L C50 81 F ranco et al., 1984 Einf eld ia na tch it oche ae , 3 rd -4 th instar -S -7.8 150 -48 h L C50 70 F ranco et al., 1984 Hydrops yche angus tipenn is Y S -7.8 99.5 -96 h L C50 250 Green e t a l., 19 85 Tanypus neopu nct ipe nni s, 3 rd -4 th instar -S -7.8 150 -48 h L C50 70 F ranco et al., 1984 mol lu sca Anodont a comp luna ta , 42 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 500 Alek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 B ith ynia ten tac ula ta , 8. 2 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 580 Alek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 Dreis sen ia po lymorp ha , 10.4 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 180 Alek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 Goniobas is li ves cen s -S - 8.0-8.6 137-171 nw 48 h L C50 320 Cairn s e t al ., 1976 Indop lanor bis exu stu s -S -nw 96 h L C50 126 Ag rawal, 1987 Lymnaea ac umina ta -S -7.9 210 nw 96 h L C50 129 Gupta & Rao, 1 982 Lymnaea s tagn al is -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 350 Alek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 Physa font ina li s, 6.4 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 320 Alek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 Physa font ina li s, 2.9 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 260 Alek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 Physa g yri na , 7.5 m m -S -7.8 140 -48 h L C50 260 Mi llem an et al. , 1984 Physa int egra -S - 8.0-8.6 137-171 nw 48 h L C50 107 Cairn s e t al ., 1976 Planor bis plan orb is , 6. 0 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 520 Alek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 Planor bis vor tex , 4.4 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 370 Alek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 Radix o vat a, ju v., 3.5 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 330 Alek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 Sphaer ium co rneum , 1 0 m m -R -7.4 -48 h L C50 780 Alek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4 Sphear ium nov aez elan dia e N S -7.6 10 nw 96 h E C50 11.9 Hick ey & Marti n, 1995 Vivi paru s vi vip arus , 30.7 m m -R -7.6 -48 h L C50 420 Alek sey ev & Antipin, 197 4

A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 020 pag e 27 of 122 org anism A tes t ty pe tes t subs t. puri ty pH hardn ess sal ini ty [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t wa te r exp. tim e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] note ref ere nce anneli da Dugesia ti gr ina , 0. 006 g -S -7.4 130 -96 h L C50 32 E well et a l., 1 986 Lum bricu lus var ieg atu s N S -7.6 10 nw 96 h E C50 35.6 Hick ey & Marti n, 1995 Limnodr ilu s ho ffme is ter i Y S -7.8 99.5 -96 h L C50 780 Green e t a l., 19 85 P olyc el is fel ina Y S -7.8 99.5 -96 h L C50 88 G reen e t a l., 19 85 pi sce s Brachyd anio rer io Y S -64 -96 h L C50 25 R az ani et al., 1986 Brachyd anio rer io N F -8.0 170 dtw 48 h L C50 60 S loof f, 197 9 Brachyd anio rer io N S -7.5 -96 h L C50 27.8 Wel len s, 1982 Brachyd anio rer io Y F rg 8.0-8.3 350-375 nw 96 h L C50 29 F og els & Sprag ue, 19 77 Campostoma a nomalum , 47 .5 m m N S -7.8 45 rdw 48 h L C50 17.9 Chag non & Hlohowsk yj , 1989 Catos tomus c ommerson i, 2.4 g Y F -7.2 41-48 nw 96 h L C50 10.6 Holcom be et a l., 1 987 C olis a fa sc iatu s -S tech 6.8-7.6 66 tw 96 h L C50 32.7 V erm a et al ., 1980 Jordan el la f lor ida e Y F rg 8.0-8.3 350-375 nw 96 h L C50 36.3 Fog els & Sprag ue, 19 77 Leuci scus idu s mel anot us N S - 7-8 255 tap 48 h L C50 14, 25 Ju hnk e & Lüdem ann, 1978 L ebis te s re ticula tus , 0.09 g N S -7.9 228 -96 h L C50 47.5 Gupta e t a l., 19 82 Lepomis ma croc hir us , 1. 1 g Y F -7.2 41-48 nw 96 h L C50 17.4 Holcom be et a l., 1 987 Notopt eru s not opt erus -S tech 6.8-7.6 66 tw 96 h L C50 12.5 V erm a et al ., 1980 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , 1 3.1 g Y F -7.2 41-48 nw 96 h L C50 10.5 Holcom be et a l., 1 987 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , 6. 1 g Y F -8.1 707.3 nw 96 h L C50 8.9 DeGraev e et al., 1980 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss Y F rg 7.9 135 dtw 96 h L C50 9.7 α Hodson e t a l., 198 4 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss N S ag 8.4 127 nw 48 h L C50 13.1 Tisl er & Z ag orc-K oncan, 199 7 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss Y F rg 8.0-8.3 350-375 nw 96 h L C50 11.6 Fog els & Sprag ue, 19 77 Pimepha les prome las , 1 .1 g Y F -8.1 707.3 nw 96 h L C50 67.5 a D eGraev e et al., 1980 Pimepha les prome las , 1 .4 g Y F -8.1 707.3 nw 96 h L C50 24.9 b D eGraev e et al., 1980 Pimepha les prome las , 5g -R -48 h L C50 44 e Z hao & Wang , 1993 Pimepha les prome las N F -96 h L C50 37 S chul tz et a l., 19 86 Pimepha les prome las , 3 0-35 d N F -nw LC50 29 b H all & K ier, 1 984; Hal l e t a l., 1984 Pimepha les prome las N S rg 7.9 96-125 nw 96 h L C50 31.5 g M ay es e t al ., 1983 Pimepha les prome las N S -7.8 140 nw 96 h L C50 25.6 Mi llem an et al. , 1984 Pimepha les prome las , 0 .3 g Y F -7.2 41-48 nw 96 h L C50 25.3 Holcom be et a l., 1 987 P oeci lia re ticula ta N S -96 h L C50 43 S hig eok a et a l., 198 8

pag e 28 of 122 A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 0 org anism A tes t ty pe tes t subs t. puri ty pH hardn ess sal ini ty [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t wa te r exp. tim e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] note ref ere nce P oeci lia re ticula ta -S -7.8 -96 h L C50 31 K önem ann & Mu sch, 1 981 P oeci lia re ticula ta -S -7.3 -96 h L C50 30 K önem ann & Mu sch, 1 981 P oeci lia re ticula ta -S -6.1 -96 h L C50 37 K önem ann & Mu sch, 1 981 Rasbora het eromor pha , 1. 3-3 c m N F 100 7.2 20 nw 48 h L C50 7.4 Alabas te r, 196 9 Rasbora het eromor pha , 1. 3-3 c m N F 100 7.2 250 nw 48 h L C50 6.8 Alabas te r, 196 9 R uti li s ru ti li s -F ag 7.8 257-260 nw 48 h L C50 10 S olbé et a l., 1 985 Saccob ranch us f oss ilis s -S tech 6.8-7.6 66 tw 96 h L C50 39.4 V erm a et al ., 1980 macr op h yta Elodea canad ens is -S -tap 9 d E C50 235 h S tom & Roth, 1981 Lemna gib ba -S -4.8 636 am 7d EC 50 226-22 i C ow gill et al. , 1991 Lemna mino r -S -4.8 636 am 7 d E C 50 223-312 i C ow gill et al. , 1991 Lemna mino r -S -tap 12 d E C50 169 h S tom & Roth, 1981

a

temperatur

e 14 °C

b

temperatur

e 25 °C

c

re

spir

ation inhibition

d

ba

ct

er

ia

l gr

owth

inhibition

e

cal

cul

at

ed b

y

QS

AR

f

de

hy

dr

og

ena

se

ac

tivit

y

g

geom

etric mean o

f 96 h L

C

50 values found

for f

ry

, juvenile and subadults

hg

ro

w

th

i

results for number o

f plants, number of

fronds and dr

y

wei

ght

j

dy

e reduction

A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 020 pag e 29 of 122

Table II. 2: Acute to

xicity of phenol to marine speci

es

org anism A tes t ty pe tes t sub st. puri ty pH hardn ess sal ini ty [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t wa te r exp. tim e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] note ref ere nce bact er io phy ta 13 bac te ria l s tr ain s -S ag -am 16 h E C50 1300 Warn e e t a l., 1989 Vibr io f ish er i -S -am 15 m in E C50 21.6 Z hao & Wang , 1993 Vibr io f ish er i -S -rw 5 m in E C50 25 B ulic h et al. , 1981 Vibr io f ish er i -S -am 15 m in E C50 34.2 Ribo & Kai ser, 1983 Vibr io f ish er i N S ag -am 15 m in E C50 28.2 Cris ine l e t a l., 1994 Vibr io f ish er i -S -6.7 -am 15 m in E C50 34 D utk a & K w an, 19 81 algae Skel eton em a co sta tum N S rg 8.2 -am 120 h E C 50 50 C ow gill et al. , 1989 echinod er mata Stron gyl ocen tro tus droe bach ien sis , eg gs Y S 99.5% -nw 96 h E C50 > 30 c F alk-Peters en e t a l., 19 85 anneli da Ophryot roch a di adema N S -32 nw 48 h L C50 100-330 Park er, 198 4 Plat yner eis dum er ilii , em bry os, < 6h N S > 90% -35 nw 48 h E C50 122 a P alau-C asel las & Hu tch inson , 1998 Plat yner eis dum er ilii , 7- d-old larv ae N S > 90% -35 nw 96 h L C50 75.7 Palau-Casel las & Hu tch inson , 1998 crust acea A rtem ia sa lin a, cy sts N S ag -35 rnw 24 h L C50 28.2 Cris ine l e t a l., 1994 A rtem ia sa lin a, new ly hatch ed -S -am 48 h L C50 56 P ric e e t al ., 1974 Crangon s ept emsp inosa , 2.4-4.5 g N S -30 nw 21 h L C50 7.5 McLee se e t a l., 19 79 Gammar us due be ni Y F -7.7 6 nw 96 h L C50 76, 27 b O ks am a & K ri sto ff erso n, 1979 Mes ido tea entomo n Y F -7.7 6 nw 96 h L C50 79 O ks am a & K ri sto ff erso n, 1979 Panopeus herb st ii -S -25 -96 h L C50 52.8 K ey & Scot t, 1986 pi sce s Gadus morhua , 1- d-old em bry os Y S 99.5% -nw 96 h E C50 > 30 c F alk-Peters en e t a l., 19 85 Phoxinu s pho xin us Y F -7.7 6 nw 96 h L C50 9.5 Ok sa m a & K ri sto ff erso n, 1979

a

normal embr

yo

-la

rval dev

elopment

b

temperatur

es 5 and 16 °C, resp

ectivel

y

c

devel

opm

ent

pag e 30 of 122 A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 0

Table II. 3: Chronic toxicity of phenol to fresh water species

org

anism A tes t ty pe tes t sub st. pur ity pH hardn ess sal in ity [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t w at er exp. tim e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] note ref ere nce protoz oa C hilom on as pa ram aec ium N S -6.9 142 am 48 h NOEC 65 B ring m ann et al. , 1980 Entos iphon sul cat um N S -6.9 142 am 72 h NOEC 33 B ring m ann, 1978 Uronema par ducz i N S -6.9 142 am 20 h NOEC 144 Bring m ann & K ühn, 1980 b bact er io phy ta Pseudomona s pu tid a N S -7.0 60 am 16 h NOEC 64 B ring m ann & K ühn, 1976 m ixed cult ure N S ag 8.4 127 nw 120 h NOEC 283 Tisl er & Z ag orc-K oncan, 199 7 cyanophyt a Mic roc yst is aerug ino sa N S -7.0 60 am 8 d NOEC 4.6 Bring m ann & K ühn, 1978 a,b algae Scened esmus quadr ica uda N S -7.0 -am 8 d NOEC 7.5 Bring m ann & K ühn, 1977 b crust acea Ceriod aphn ia dub ia N S >99% 8.18 57.07 rtw 7 d NOEC 2.5 e O ris et a l., 1 991 Ceriod aphn ia dub ia -S -8.2 90-110 nw 10 d N O E C 0.84 b C ow gill & Mi laz zo, 1991 Ceriod aphn ia dub ia -S -8.2 90-110 nw 10 d N O E C 6.5 fg h C ow gill & Mi laz zo, 1991 Daphnia mag na N R -8.2 199 -16 d NOEC 0.16 c D

eneer et al., 1988a,

b Daphnia mag na , < 1 2 h -S -8.2 160-180 nw 12 d N O E C 0.5 c C ow gill & Mi laz zo, 1991 Daphnia mag na , < 1 2 h -S -8.2 160-180 nw 12 d N O E C 1.4 f C ow gill & Mi laz zo, 1991 Daphnia mag na , < 1 2 h -S -8.2 160-180 nw 12 d N O E C 0.8 g C ow gill & Mi laz zo, 1991 Daphnia mag na , < 1 2 h -S -8.2 160-180 nw 12 d N O E C 3.9 h C ow gill & Mi laz zo, 1991 pi sce s Brachyd anio rer io Y S -6.3 57-61 dtw 3 m NOEC 4.9 b R az ani et al., 1986 Brachyd anio rer io , eg gs Y S -6.3 57-61 dtw 2 m NOEC 2.2 cd Raz ani et al., 1986 O ncorhyn chus m yki ss , eg gs Y F -7.8 579.9 nw 58 d NOEC 0.1 ci DeGraev e et al., 1980 Pimepha les prome las , eg gs Y F -8.0 725.3 nw 30 d NOEC 33.2 a D eGraev e et al., 1980 Pimepha les prome las , eg gs Y F -8.0 725.3 nw 30 d NOEC 0.75 c D eGraev e et al., 1980

a

ha

tc

ha

bilit

y

b

survival

cg

ro

w

th

d

egg

s

from adults ex

posed to the same con

centrations of ph

enol

e

reproduction (

A nn ex to R IV M report 7117 01 020 pag e 31 of 122

f

total prog

en

y

g

number of broods

h

m

ean brood siz

e

i

estimated b

y

authors from

L

O

EC of 0.2 m

g/l and dos

e-respons

e curv

es for

P. promelas

and

O. mykiss

.

Table II. 4: Chronic toxicity of phenol to marine spe

cies

org anism A tes t ty pe tes t sub st. pur ity pH hardn ess sal in ity [m g Ca CO 3 /l] tes t w at er exp. t im e cri te rion va lu e [m g/l] note ref ere nce algae Skel eton em a co sta tum N S rg 8.2 -am 120 h N O E C 13 C ow gill et al. , 1989

Table II. 5: Toxicity of phenol to soil organisms

org

anism soi l ty pe pH % om % c lay tem p [° C ] exp. t im e cri te rion resu lt te st soi l [m g/ kgd. w. ] resu lt st and. so il [m g/ kgd. w. ] note ref ere nce macr op h yta Lactuc a sa tiva OECD 7.5 1.6 -23 14 d NOEC 32 a 160 a A dem a & Henz en, 1989 Lactuc a sa tiva OECD 7.5 1.6 -23 7 d NOEC 32 a 160 a A dem a & Henz en, 1989 Lactuc a sa tiva OECD 7.8 1.4 12 20 14 d E C50 79 a 395 a H ulz ebos e t a l., 199 3

ag

ro

w

th