• No results found

Incomplete cartels and antitrust policy : incidence and detection - 2. The Economics of Incomplete Cartels

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Share "Incomplete cartels and antitrust policy : incidence and detection - 2. The Economics of Incomplete Cartels"

Copied!
45
0
0

Bezig met laden.... (Bekijk nu de volledige tekst)

Hele tekst

(1)UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository). Incomplete cartels and antitrust policy : incidence and detection Bos, A.M. Publication date 2009. Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Bos, A. M. (2009). Incomplete cartels and antitrust policy : incidence and detection. Tinbergen Institute.. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible.. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:21 Jun 2021.

(2)     

(3)   .     

(4)     .   !    "   ""   !  

(5)     

(6)      #   $!  

(7)  !   !   ! % $!   &  

(8)      "&   

(9) '! (  $ #)  

(10)              !   ) ! "  & & &  *  &  +  ! 

(11)  , 

(12)   '!   ! &    '!     & ( %    " " $  -   

(13) $ %  & !  %  ! 

(14) . , ! ! &  &   $!    #  &       " $ !$  !&    $- " 

(15) .   !"&  !   !        +& !    & 

(16) !!    $ %    +.  ! $  

(17)         *    ! &   ! /       #  %   $ "              !  

(18) 

(19)  ! 0  % 

(20) !  ! $ ! "$

(21)     "       )  ,  

(22)     %  , &   $&

(23)  #     1+. 23! 4 5   "     4675.

(24) .     

(25)   . 8  "   $

(26)    " $      $    " $      " 

(27)   $   $  $&  ! "  %       $ $!   )  !    

(28)    ) #  

(29)  "    " $ ) " % $!        )   $ 9   % & !  !   $   $       !&    !  

(30) 

(31)  !7 

(32) % 

(33)  !   )  ! & "   &    " +    :     ,  !

(34)    $ # 

(35)   #  

(36)     0  %   $  &  !   +           ; (!$&%        !   ! %    !  3%   $    ) ! "    $  $%     $  ! &     / "       !$  

(37)   ( %   &   & $ ) ! "% $!     ) $ & "    &      <!   $"  $&     !  !            *   *            ! "        / "  &      ,   % $!     + "            %  $  & 

(38)       4  5 +     "   !   / " 

(39)       &  

(40)   + " . "  %    "  + & ! % "   . $  "  ,  ! %  &  $ !

(41) ! !  # !  =    &   $!  

(42) !!    + 0 # ) %   &   &    * % $!  ! "   !      ! >

(43)  !    -     &      ?%.

(44)   %    4@@;5  )'!     &   &)  A? !

(45) !   6:@    #  

(46)          &   0 

(47)   & 

(48)    ! "   %

(49)   % ?  466@5 7 ? B"    ?!  4@@75%     &  !   !   ($!  '! 

(50)        $!  

(51) $   $  C   ! / " !& "&  ! & !   ( #  ! &  ! $& D   4@@>5   !      $  $  * : ? B"   466;5  !    E$      F    $        

(52)  G     $     C         " !

(53)  #    C     !    ? D! 466=5 ;       & $  !  + $!  ! $ 

(54) .  +   

(55)  ! $ 

(56) *  ? &   466:5 =    !&    A?   ! !  "     1    "&     ,  !!   &   & !

(57) !% $!     !H  $   & ? B"   466:5 ( .  !   $& &   + 4@@5  &, !    +

(58)          !& ( %   $& 8  &+ 46=65% "

(59)   $  "  ,  ! %  &  " !H  +        $"     " " 0 # % + . . 

(60)    !"  &    > 0  %  !

(61) ! !&    6:@  6;@  ! & ? 2 ) 2   8  &+ 46>=5 9 .

(62)   ! . 9.   

(63)  %  + &  !         !   +  ( *  - !     !          " $ (    " $   $      !$  &  *  & ! "   $  

(64) ! 6 (   !.    * "   " 

(65)    ! %    &  & $ E     $ F    & "   !  

(66).    % $!   &  !$  

(67) * ! *        !       $

(68) !  '!   $!  &    * "   "  -     &   %     !  &,

(69)         )     

(70) "   *  #  '!  

(71)  ) #  

(72)    .  

(73) ! E & ,

(74)  F  #    !   4 5   

(75)   ) ! "% 4. 5      "      .   +% 4. 5  +  

(76)       "  %  4 "5.    

(77)       *    ! &        !  

(78)   *" $   &           .  ? !! C        !  ! I  ! "      I  ? !! C        ! /  I  ? !! !        !  ! I  ! " '! &       

(79)       $ & #

(80)   * %  "  - & 

(81)   !  

(82)    !   

(83)      

(84) %     " $    #    *    J" %  "& ! 

(85) !.  !           

(86) &   &  

(87)            ! "  4 5 " $    #      % $!  * % "     $  !H &  % 4. 5  !    * "   "               % 4. 5   !! !  % * " .  " 

(88)        # & >@)6@K + %  4 "5     

(89) ! " '! &    % *  

(90)        !& :@K +        

(91)  %  $ G& !   

(92)        " #   %   

(93)      ! *    $.      *"  &    ! 

(94) !  #   " 

(95) * 

(96)      3"%  

(97)   %  ! 

(98)    6    %  *$  & "  "    0 # %   &

(99)  "     

(100)          .

(101) 7.     

(102)   .          

(103)  !      ! 

(104)         %    $!      & &  !    *  ?!    !  ! *      '!   

(105)  & 

(106) * "    "  -    0 &% '!  

(107)     " $ "  !    $ G& !"&       $!     $.        

(108)    ?  %      ) #  

(109)    .     E & ,

(110)  F ?  9 & !  $  

(111)  &          !   $ +  !$ '!    ?  7  : !   *$  &  !  $  & 

(112).      "&  !  $  & 

(113)    !    # 

(114)  * &     ?  ;  =       )   $      &         " $ 

(115)    %      $ & & !          *"  &   % ?  ; #   " 

(116) *    .      ?  = !  

(117)        #      

(118)      *  &  !"&  ?  > ?)   6 !         $.     ?  @ !     $ 

(119) !     ! " !     

(120)       !.      8  1!    ! 

(121) &  %      &   '!  " & %        % $+$   @    &   ! .  ! "     !       "   $ !    

(122)    %  $ "   ! "  *  #    ) #    !  $      & & " $ <  ! $ %  

(123)   %  

(124)    #  $!  4 $  5 +  

(125)   $    ! " & 

(126)  . !+ ? %   !  " "  

(127)     $

(128) !  $    "  !    !      $ G& ! !   *      0  % "%   

(129) !     2  

(130)  "    %. &   &%  "

(131)   !       ! +$  " '!  $$     $    0  %    !   " $ !    ! &

(132)       %    +&  "    $$  & 

(133). "&     !$  &  

(134)    +   #   ! "    $  ! 

(135)      &     !    !  

(136)     C    &%    !$& $ '!&.     &       +  (

(137)  %  !        ! 

(138) 

(139)        $&  $!    @  . 4665%  :.

(140)      8 . :. 

(141)  $+$  2"%   +   

(142)   

(143)        "   

(144) !            "  "&   & &  $+    

(145)    !  & $

(146)         %  +  &%     &      0 # %  8   %       *       &%      +  $&  $         D+  " +   8  + 4699%  >=5   ..   

(147) 8  %   ! %    !   !                    $     +    D+              #!      $  )      " $&   ".  

(148)  + % #&  .  $&     ) & (!  & 6@@% '!  

(149)      !   !$       ) ! "   ( !       +  !  

(150)   2  !     E

(151) ! &F  $  

(152)  &  % $!%      %  !    "  - & 

(153)   " !       3"%   &

(154)    &      '! 

(155)     $ / "     ,   +  '! "  "   E

(156) ! &F%     !  !        & "     *    ! &         !H      +     ! &    $"    "   C & + %     $    $! !   !         "  !. .   L%   ! $

(157)    ) ! "   !  

(158)  "   "  #   !! "  0 # % D "  2!  4@@5        !    69@   ! +  $      +  

(159)   !      #   A?     !      0   $  .  &   & & 

(160)  $ 

(161)  $    "    ! &  !    $+   $  !& "  !   ! 

(162)          "

(163)   &     %   ! +$ 

(164)   "      .  

(165) % "%   "  #  !   &    ! & !       

(166)    $       

(167)     !  "  .   C   

(168)       )    #    (       

(169)    + $&   

(170)    0     

(171)     

(172)   8  + 46995  B 

(173)  46==5   ?%

(174)  # % D!, 46@5. ! .

(175) ;.     

(176)   .    !      ! !  " $   

(177)  +9 A &%      " !    $  & 

(178) $   0 # %        

(179) 

(180)      1!      %

(181)  )669 !     

(182)  .  2& 66:%  $   & H!

(183)        )    !      " %     ! !     .   

(184)    . 

(185)   %  !&   ! + (!   

(186)      %   &    M!) $!,!% $  

(187)    " 

(188) !  $   $ )   7  % 

(189)   +  

(190)    $      

(191)  0 66  669    $ F  +    

(192)   

(193) 

(194)  ! =@K    ;@K   ! 

(195)   :K  667   !!     . , 

(196)  E F $   ! $          &  % 

(197)         $  :         

(198)  "    "  !

(199)    ( !  " #      

(200)       1 .       ! +

(201)      &  % $!   

(202) 

(203)     -   % 8   ?  (    !  %   &   &     " 8  ! 

(204)  + 

(205)   

(206) !   -      !%   " $&   , 

(207)  8     - -  D &   $   $&   " 8 

(208)       !   L%  &  ! !

(209) !     '!       "!$ -  8  A +      ! % 8   & -  !  -   !$.  !   

(210)   $& &   ) & ! $.  

(211) "!  N  $   $&        ! -O        

(212) - -  D) &;  9 ?%

(213)  # %   4@@5%     !! &           !%  & !         &

(214)

(215)           7 ?        465   

(216)    

(217)    % B 96P>% ;6@@   J <28P)P9; ;@7  : ?        4>5   

(218)    

(219)    % B 96P>% ;6@@   J <28P)P9; ;@7  ; ?      

(220) % ! $ % 0$!&% 666% =)>.

(221)      8 . =.  %   $ '!   

(222)        ,  +  +      !   !   & $& G!   "   

(223)     "

(224)   (   #    ) #! "   !    +&   

(225)      ! / !& 4%    5%   4!   5  $= 1  !  

(226)   $!& #!). "&

(227)    $     !   !   " #! "&    ?!   & & 

(228)  $&  

(229)  $&  . &     $!&     $!&      !   

(230)      * "  !  $&  + 

(231)   ) E&& $F 8!                        "            " &%    & +

(232)   !H & 

(233) !> J     & 

(234)  ! $  & 

(235)    % "%   & 

(236)     . H!6 (        +      

(237)    $  0 ) %   & #  & $" 

(238)   !H & E  + F       $      )! !  !   !  ++ ! &    "            -    (  $!& )!    *   &      *  +)"   " +  

(239)     

(240)  $!&   !         $   & '! 

(241)   !    !  <  &  .  ) !&     . &  

(242)    $       

(243) !    

(244)   

(245)  @    

(246)  !  

(247)  % "%  & $ '!   +&  +  !    !   0  %     $& .  ! )  $  *         !  &   &.  *&    $$  & 

(248) "& < &%     ! $&    !    ")   >6@%

(249)   %  D  $+ F    $&  $+       (     %  !   $ !$-   $& J")  %  ! ! 

(250) " 

(251)     & %     $        

(252)  $&     ( #  

(253) "  !

(254)     M  #  %      $& ")    #   *    ! & 3"% "  !   & ! / " 

(255)   8  &+  !$ 

(256)  4@@5  = ( #     

(257)      A?   6>@   

(258)  #     $& Q +  ?

(259)   

(260) 2  (!  !

(261) !%        $& &   ! / Q + F !& 

(262)   *  $+ % !   + *   +   > 0 # % 0 +  4665 ! % ! D       . G!  

(263)  !        !    !  .    6 ( !  " #        A?    

(264)    !&%         ?  <   &    " F      !%    

(265) !     * $   & ? D ,    466;5  @ ? 3  4@@;5   ?    J   4@@75   ? 1 + 4@@75.

(266) >.     

(267)   .         +

(268)  +   A  ?   .   J    1 &    # 

(269)   !           ! 

(270) +   J   

(271)  A? 4J  5%    +      !     8  % "%   !        " +   %   !   *

(272)   !&

(273)   &

(274)      !!       %  #     "    & 

(275) *   +      $" !  !    *     !    *   *  $& (   ? 46=:5   &,    

(276) @  !

(277) !    

(278)     6:>)6;=      

(279) : "   )*#  :@   &  E)!  F     !         &  !  ! "

(280)  )! " *             &. 

(281)    $!  ! " & 

(282)    L%  !  & *   *   ! * %    

(283) ,%  ! % $!  *     +  "    "  !   *     "&  +  (  $" * !  3&  & 46=75%    

(284)    ) +      !   & &,  .    

(285) ;:  ,       $&  ( !  1 ".  

(286)  A? 1  

(287) M!   $ 6;9  6=  @   %  ! " & 

(288)   !  $    <

(289)      7:   % 9          ) ! " .       " 

(290) @)     3"%  ".          ;      

(291)    *  

(292)    $!   $  +  

(293)   $  " $.  @   9  " +  # & '!  >>K7     $  +    '! ;:K   +  

(294) .    #  6@K  7   :   "    

(295)  ,  $!  

(296) *    ! &  & !    &   7 +       $      ! $ 

(297) *    ! &  7   

(298)  "! 

(299)   !

(300)  $& 

(301) !   *    ! & 3&  & 46=75  $   !  7            ) ! "  " 7

(302)       # & =9K  ! $ 

(303) *   +  +  & 7 

(304)        " ! $ 

(305) * ! %    " 7 =:K   ! !   +   !"&    .  !    3&  & 46=7%  5

(306) !  + %.  9  =   %   " $      $  +  

(307)  % " 

(308)        $ ) ! "  7 2  &%  " '!  >>=:K 3"%   

(309)   @    +      6%       !   "       : 0  + 

(310)   %   $  +   $ =@  =6K      $ >@K  >6K  9   .

(311) 9 0!   

(312)  &. 6.     &

(313)     &  !   

(314)  *   +  # %    %  $ !

(315) !  % & N)    O   $         H!  $ "    )    ! 

(316)    &   $  !   &          "  !     ! $ "  $&       ! &%   !   $"    !   "  .    

(317)   I           ! &    & I         +  "  I     

(318)       *    ! &. 9 0!   

(319)  &    %  & !  $  

(320)  &    $- "   !  +&   &        !  

(321)   )  .   "             (  " $ &   

(322)   $    "  

(323) 

(324)     3% .  "             !  .

(325)  $              * "   " 

(326)    !   

(327)  %   &

(328)    ! $& &,).    " $      $ &% $!   #   &   $!   + $ $  ! 2"% !  $  & 

(329) !  

(330) &     !   ""    

(331)     (

(332)   "  !     %  $ G&. ! &     $   $ %    +.   " *       # . !%     +       

(333) & 

(334)            !   !   & ?!   !         +       

(335) !  

(336)  ; .   " ! ,  

(337)      0 ! %             " $   )#.    + !!  1        "! !"    "&  $&        %  "      !"   %     $&    ,           $    " #    !         '!&%     " J  '!  $ ! !  "& *     '!        

(338)     +    *   ; 0.   &   !  

(339)  &%   !     *#   .

(340) @.     

(341)   .

(342)                                           

(343)                     . . .    "  !  !       " +     $&   1     $&    & 

(344) &  !   "&   !    

(345)     " !! C&   %   !  !  &  !  %             %      !   &     (   !%  *) #. ,    ! +   *   & *    $&      0 !     %   "   !  $&

(346)        *$        * .       &%  *  #       

(347) &    !  ! +    "  + !   '!   *  !    !  "  !  &  ! ! " !!  '!      ! +   

(348)  *#       P   !! '!     !! '!   ?!  ) ! "  )      &    * '!  & *   $&       *    $   " $&       0 !  !    !    *  "  '!  

(349)  *  <$ "   *        " *

(350)   * %   !    .  "  ! .

(351) 9 0!   

(352)  &. . "#$ % &  '  

(353)   C    & 

(354) %  &      +&  $  !    #  (

(355)  % "& * $ /        

(356)  ).      !  $  H! L% "   

(357)  +%      $!  "          "    "   $  $&       %    

(358)  .  0 !  (      %   *   !   J        "! #      %    !%     "   "       !  "  ! % !    $      &          *      !  "    %  "     $          "   & ! &  * '!       %   &   & 

(359)       &    "  

(360)    "&     ! $ 

(361)         # !  ! & *% %  '!   %    

(362)  ! $ 

(363) * %      "&  $  "    

(364)  *    ! $ 

(365)     () ! "   

(366) % 

(367)  

(368) !%   +&       !    ( - 

(369)  *  

(370)     !  $  

(371)  #  !  '!   +     / " 0    $ !  $%  

(372)      ! *  *$    &  "      $&     3"%  !   0 ! % "&  $ & &    "           !  !    !   

(373)   $ $  $&     $ 

(374) !  

(375)  "& ! +     F   .  &% & ! " &  &   $&    " & " $  *   '!&%    " $       !  $" L%    $ !  $

(376)  & $ "      

(377) "% %

(378)  )    

(379)   *  ! $ 

(380)    ! " !   $  &  " $&  

(381) !          /            "  

(382)              " !   &   $ *$.   )!%  ! !     "

(383)   ! $ 

(384)   

(385)   $  %        &% "  

(386)    . ! " 

(387) !!   !       <  ! !   &  

(388)       !  

(389) !   )  )  & ? & !%  &   $    " 

(390)    *      

(391)      

(392) 

(393)      + !  0   46=5   %  "  *   E )   F%  & #   !

(394) 

(395)    4

(396) !5 !  !  $ 0 &%  ! " !   $ !   '!  $ ! !  

(397)   

(398) 

(399)       %.

(400) .     

(401)   .    .       . 45.    "  ! " *  *    "&  " $&        )  # ! *   $ $  $&     *          !   !

(402)  !   "!

(403) !!         *  *$           !. !

(404)   4+&5 #     !

(405)        ! .    

(406)      "   $  &    4 5     ,     !  C    ! $"      $ !  $ " !     )    !*$    !    % *   / $ !        &  , *  $ !   C&  % *$   !  $   # 

(407)  * &    & !    !      $  !H &  . "#" % 

(408)    

(409)  

(410)   "     *

(411)     $ %   

(412)    )     "  " 

(413)        "    

(414)  !  $  & 

(415)     3"%   !   $!   " 

(416) *  +     0   !    

(417)  %.  !  $  " !&  

(418)  "& 4 5  $  -    B +)  %  * !      ! $     -        . ! $&  E  $  &   F  E# $  &   F .  !   & $& F(     46>95 B        * 

(419)    $   !    "& 0 &%  *    "  "  

(420)   $&  *  

(421)       %          . 45.   . 

(422)   % 

(423)    $    "  -   

(424)   $&  * %         . 495.

(425) $     !! &%     !  

(426)  %  

(427)     -!       

(428)    

(429)  =   #    $"         

(430)  

(431)   $&   * %         & 

(432)     .    *  J   

(433) !   " & #& $% $!     = J         %  * &     

(434)         (       

(435)        %  * 

(436)    + ! 

(437)        

(438)  * %  $ &,  1  ! 4@@:5 ?    466>5   !    )

(439) $  .

(440) 9 0!   

(441)  &. 9.  !    ) ! "  & $

(442)         %   &   0  

(443)   "   " 

(444)  

(445) !      2"% 

(446) !     $ " $  *  !H &   3%   C  !  # %  ) ! "   & " $   *  "   "       . "## ( 

(447)  

(448)  )* J & %  "  - & 

(449)           ( )    '!     + % & ( 0 !  " %     '! 

(450)   )        !!  ( / "    

(451)    !    *  L%         !      !H &       & "      

(452)   $! )   $    ! (  &%   !    ! " $!   !  $  

(453) !    $!&   ! &   

(454)  !   )  

(455) 

(456) 

(457)   !    !   

(458)  

(459)   &     

(460)    E " H &F   ! 

(461) . H           

(462)  ! E  )  

(463)   F  0 ! %   )  

(464)          

(465) >       " H   %    +&   ) R). H   6 0   

(466)     "  !  !   & $)  "      "   !    !  "   H    $ J   H &     $    !" "% $!  !)  *    !H   + !

(467)       2"%       !!%   &     H      !    !  

(468) !! &      !     J% "%   !        !!   & !& &    H   9@      $ "  !  &  H    0   + .     !  "   "  "% $!      "       + 3"%    !!      !   +&   ! 

(469)   !   "   0  %    $  & &   " $  "% $!   *      9     ! "   &     

(470)   S1 # !  ? %  " "  "    !

(471) !%  * & $* 

(472)   "         * 0 # %      !  S1 /  $ .    "   "&  &.     !   "  ! % !    &  H &  !   

(473)    

(474)         ! ! "    !      !  $&  !$    ) #  %   $             $

(475)   "  > J.  ! E " H &F $     

(476) &    B $   46;;5 9 @ + M !  

(477)      ! 9  ?!  465 !        "  "   S1  6 ?.

(478) 7.     

(479)   .     

(480) ! >K% $!    $ !$  &  9      %

(481)   %     $&   ;@K   A?  / = $     A?    2 &%     !  ! .   ! 

(482)        $&   @K99 L%        %       $  * 0 # %   ) +   &  % A? !     " # & =K    & ! " .  $  

(483)        " 

(484)   =:      A  ?  @@      97 ( #   "        !     A  ? &      ! 

(485)     $    9: C+ 4@@95 "  & 

(486)  #   2"%   &         A?  & 

(487) #.  +   # @@ $    !&  !% "%    $  $!         %  & !   & 

(488)     & @@%    ! & 

(489)  $  )*#     $& M 2   !$      . +! 

(490)  ,-. / 0

(491)  

(492)  

(493)     1    ! !      &  '!

(494)   

(495)         &  $&  0C ! "  !   

(496)          G   !     "   !  

(497)    !  2 &%    !     "  '!    &     %  ! $ !  * !   

(498)  !     &       +   

(499)  !   "&% $!   +      $!      E! 

(500)    F   $         

(501)      !  $ "  

(502) !    

(503)      !  /&% *    $ 

(504)      $" &   ! $ %        - & 

(505)    %  + &    

(506) %    $!     )/  "  $   !   

(507)  !   )

(508)      !  "      

(509)    ?! (

(510)      

(511)    !&  !$&  

(512)    !

(513) ! .   &9;     ! 1C +         % 

(514) %   ! " $"      $ $& !  

(515)  "      & 6>@ % T %       !  

(516)  !     

(517)   <&     +  G  $&  !     %   !     

(518) T        *&   !$    1C    $ $& !&    !  ! 

(519) +   !      <

(520) ! %   "&  & &    

(521)   $ % $!   "& / " A &% T      *% $!   +    !   !    1C  C& 6>9% T     -    9  ?.  4@@95 C" 4@@;5 9 7 ?  4@@5 9 : ?  4@@5 9 ; ? ? 46675

(522)     9 9 ?. !  

(523)    1   .

(524) 7 <  8*$  & 

(525)   . :.  % $!%  !. &%  

(526) "$   1C &        #! "   

(527)   '!     !$  " . E(&  

(528)  T F9= 8 

(529)  ! 

(530)   %  !$% !  

(531)     

(532) 1C 

(533)  $&     !     ""    ) $!   +  

(534)    < 

(535)       "  . 1C  +  2*   $!  

(536)    9> ( %  $+ " " &  .96  ?&  N1C O +  &! ,  +  + & "  & &   ! !   (    & + "&    + $! & 

(537) &  *       &%       ! 

(538)   "  

(539)   !  &       

(540) !  )     !  $  % "%    $  #    !      $      ) !! .   1!   $!  & !%      &   #  

(541)   *  <  !   !& 

(542) "    &

(543)  $+!&   '!&  -$    " &          !        

(544)  "   .

(545)   * ! 

(546) $!  

(547)  *    +    & "    !    "  ! & & . H     & !     

(548) !  !   . 7@. 7 <  8*$  & 

(549)       %  !  *$  & 

(550)      +& / $ 

(551) !         

(552)  !   )   %    & .   $  &      $"    " "    # % !     +      & !    

(553) )

(554)  " 

(555)      %    #     0 !  $" ?! % "%   ! 

(556)      !  $& *#       

(557)    0 !    $ *$%  )   !         % $!     ! $ ,   &    3"%  "  %  $     & 

(558)  !  & &   & ! !   (   !%  !        $!&

(559)  

(560)   !  

(561)  9 = ?. ? 46675 ? 46675 9 6 ?  +/ 46>5 7 @  ! A    A? "  /  !   !! .     A? !    $      

(562)  "   

(563)  ?  ( C&  %.  ! !! .         ?%

(564)  # % J!  4@@5 9 > ?.

(565) ;.     

(566)   .   #   *$        7 

(567) %    '!   !          *$  $ %     '!  .  

(568)   /  $  & 

(569)        $"    " "     %     "  ! &.       *  !   !  !  !! &      !! "   *

(570) !  

(571) *  " $&%     

(572)   475   

(573) $     !                 *) #. ,  !! "

(574)  * %  +  * )   " " 

(575)          "  ,%               

(576)     . .    . 4:5. . .   +  

(577) *  %

(578)   + 

(579)   &%  B   

(580)  !  * " '! +  % %       0! %   

(581)  $ .       & 

(582)    *       -! "    -! "    !  #   !! 

(583) *     !! 

Referenties

GERELATEERDE DOCUMENTEN

Through this research, librarians will gain a deeper understanding of their leadership role in collaborative partnerships and acquire practical suggestions on how to create a

That these discourses (and others) can and do inform teacher educators’ approaches (and my own) in preparing pre-service teachers to teach for social justice is compelling evidence

It is my hope that this research will allow nurses to understand how South Asian immigrant women make sense of their NICU experience in order to provide care that is family

In the unmasked intervener condition, repetition priming was again reduced and orthographic priming was roughly equivalent to the repetition priming effect, consistent with the

It is this motivation to understand the debris disk dynamics, in the most perturbed cases, that motivate the analysis of resolved imaging of extremely asymmetric debris disks with

Unfortunately, these prostate cancer cells can mutate to become insensitive to the treatment and most patients advance to the next stage of prostate cancer, known as

This proposal resulted in the establishment of Foundry and the first six Foundry centres, which provide integrated mental health and substance use services, primary care,