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Resisting reforms. A Resource-based perspective of collective action in the
distribution of agricultural input and primary health services in the Couffo region,
Benin
Dedehouanou, H.
Publication date
2002
Link to publication
Citation for published version (APA):
Dedehouanou, H. (2002). Resisting reforms. A Resource-based perspective of collective
action in the distribution of agricultural input and primary health services in the Couffo region,
Benin.
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Annexee E - Descriptive statistics; variable characteristics; linear relationships between
variables s
1)) Descriptive statistics
Quartile:: the concept of quartile derives from that of percentile. The percentiles that cut the
dataa into four quarters are quartiles. The 25
thand 75 percentiles are called the lower and
upperr quartiles, respectively. The 50
thpercentile is the median. This measure gives a good
accountt of the centre and spread of the distribution. This is relevant as it helps uncover the
distributionn patterns of a given characteristics. As for median, the use of quartile is very
relevantrelevant as soon as an objective of group analysis is pursued. For instance, in a democratic
contextt it helps political decision-makers to assess the weight of voters favourable or against
certainn political processes.
Median:: the median is the 50
thpercentile, which is the middle value that splits the
distributionn into two halves. The rationale for using such an indicator is for group comparative
analysiss over time. For instance, this helps to follow up the delineating line between the least
50%% fertiliser consuming villages and the top 50%. This statistic seems more appropriate in
suchh circumstances than the mechanical average or mean.
Averagee or mean: summing all values and dividing by the sample size find the average. In
thee present case, representing an entity by a mean assumes a certain degree of homogeneity.
However,, it is also important to know how spreads out or varied are the observations. This is
achievedd by the means of several measures of spread. The two important measures used in this
studyy are the standard deviation and the variation coefficient.
Graph:: A graph is the representation of descriptive statistics using two- or three-dimension
axes.. Although this can be misleading, the picture obtained is a more effective way to provide
information. .
Figure:: This mode of representation is used to better organise information on structures and
processes.. This is the case of the structures of public organisations in charge of agricultural
extensionn and public health. As an illustration of processes, there are the distribution
processess of agricultural inputs and health.
AnnexeAnnexe E
Tablee 1: Definition of the Variables/Characteristics attached to the four components of the institutional
frameworkframework in the agriculture sector (cf. figure 2.1, chapter 2)
Villagee communities and structural characteristics
SHTOO Membership rate in saving and credit group for households with less than 8 members LHTOO Membership rate in saving and credit group for households with more than 8 members SHSHH Membership rate in self-help labour party groups for households with less than 8 members LHSHH Membership rate in self-help labour party groups for households with more than 8 members HAGG Rate of occupation in agriculture
HPTT Rate of occupation in petty trade
HAPP Rate of occupation in agricultural product processing
RAII Rate of recourse to the community system for agricultural inputs
ICAA Rate of satisfaction at cost-advantage of the community system for agricultural inputs IOAA Rate of satisfaction at organisation-advantage of the community system for agricultural inputs HSIZZ Average household size
HKUU Membership rate in Kugbe group (rotating saving and credit for funeral ceremonies of parents-in-law) ETHH Ethnic composition (number of ethnic groups)
Agriculturall policy
ECOO Ratio of households to one extension officer
DPP Distance to the private outlets for input purchases outside the cotton scheme
Collectivee action / institutional arrangements
ISEE Rate of overlap-membership of GV (Groupement Villageois) to self-help labour party groups. ITOO Rate of overlap-membership of GV to saving and credit groups
SHGVV Membership rate in GV for households with less than 8 members LHGVV Membership rate in GV for households with more than 8 members ISS AT Rate of satisfaction with the formal input market
ICDD Rate of dissatisfaction at distance-constraint of the formal agricultural input market ICCC Rate of dissatisfaction at cost-constraint of the formal agricultural input market
ICOO Rate of dissatisfaction at organisation-constraint of me formal agricultural input market RAMM Rate of recourse to the 'black market'
IACC Rate of satisfaction at cost-advantage of the 'black market'
IAOO Rate of satisfaction at organisation-advantage of the 'black market' CHAA Rate of GV-charter adoption at sub-prefecture level
REGG Rate of GV-enrolment at sub-prefecture level NGVV Number of GVs
Performancee of collective action in the cotton sector
QCNAA per GV-member cotton produced
FENAA per GV-member quantity of fertiliser purchased INNN A per GV-member quantity of insecticides purchased
GVV Membership rate in GV ,
Source:: compiled from survey data
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